Rechargeable lithium (Li)-metal batteries (LMBs) offer a great opportunity for applications needing high-energy-density battery systems. However, rare progress has been demonstrated so far under practical conditions, including high voltage, high-loading cathode, thin Li anode, and lean electrolyte. Here, in opposition to common wisdom, we report an ether-based localized high-concentration electrolyte that can greatly enhance the stability of a Ni-rich LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ (NMC811) cathode under 4.4 and 4.5 V with an effective protection interphase enriched in LiF. This effect, in combination with the superior Li stability in this electrolyte, enables dramatically improved cycling performances of Li||NMC811 batteries under highly challenging conditions. The LMBs can retain over 80% capacity in 150 stable cycles with extremely limited amounts of the Li anode and electrolyte. The findings in this work point out a very promising strategy to develop practical high-energy LMBs.

可充电锂（Li）金属电池（LMB）为需要高能量密度电池系统的应用提供了绝佳机会。但是，到目前为止，在包括高压，高负载阴极，薄锂阳极和稀薄电解质在内的实际条件下，已经证明了罕见的进步。在这里，与常识相反，我们报道了一种基于醚的局部高浓度电解质，该电解质可以大大提高富镍的LiNi _0.8 Mn _0.1 Co _0.1 O ₂的稳定性（NMC811）阴极在4.4和4.5 V下具有有效的保护相富集了LiF。此效果与该电解液中优异的Li稳定性相结合，可在极具挑战性的条件下显着改善Li || NMC811电池的循环性能。LMB可以在150个稳定的循环中保持80％以上的容量，而锂阳极和电解质的含量则极为有限。这项工作的发现指出了开发实用的高能量LMB的非常有前途的策略。