While N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoethanol (EtFOSE) is a precursor of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), its bioaccumulation, transformation and toxicological effects in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to quartz sands are poorly understood. The present study showed that except for parent EtFOSE, N-ethylperfluorooctane sulfonamide acetate (EtFOSAA), N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (EtFOSA), perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetate (FOSAA), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) and PFOS were detected in earthworms, with EtFOSAA as the primary biotransformation product. The biota-to-sand accumulation factor (BSAF) and uptake rate coefficient (k_u) of EtFOSE were 5.7 and 0.542/d, respectively. The elimination rate constants (k_e) decreased in the order EtFOSA (0.167/d) ∼ FOSAA (0.147/d) > FOSA (0.119/d) ∼ EtFOSAA (0.117/d) > EtFOSE (0.095/d) > PFOS (0.069/d). No significant effects were observed in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities between EtFOSE treatments and controls. EtFOSE could cause significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in earthworms. Peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly activated by 41.4–74.3%, 37.2–44.4% and 32.4–52.3% from day 4–10, respectively, while 8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were elevated by 47.7–70.3% from day 8–10, demonstrating that EtFOSE induced oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage in earthworms. Significant increase of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) with 41.6–62.8% activation (8–10 d) gave indirect evidence on the conjugation of EtFOSE or its corresponding metabolites during phase II of detoxication. This study provides important information on the fate and potential risks of EtFOSE to terrestrial invertebrates.

尽管N-乙基全氟辛烷磺酰胺基乙醇（EtFOSE）是全氟辛烷磺酸盐（PFOS）的前体，但人们对暴露于石英砂的worm（Eisenia fetida）的生物蓄积，转化和毒理学影响知之甚少。本研究表明，除母体EtFOSE外，earth中还检测到N-乙基全氟辛烷磺酰胺乙酸酯（EtFOSAA），N-乙基全氟辛烷磺酰胺乙酸酯（FOSAA），全氟辛烷磺酰胺乙酸酯（FOSAA），全氟辛烷磺酰胺（FOSA）和PFOS，其中EtFOSAA为主要的生物转化产物。EtFOSE的生物体对沙的累积因子（BSAF）和吸收速率系数（k _u）分别为5.7和0.542 / d。消除率常数（k _e）按EtFOSA（0.167 / d）〜FOSAA（0.147 / d）> FOSA（0.119 / d）〜EtFOSAA（0.117 / d）> EtFOSE（0.095 / d）> PFOS（0.069 / d）的顺序减小。在EtFOSE处理和对照组之间，丙二醛（MDA）含量和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性未见明显影响。EtFOSE可能导致earth中活性氧（ROS）的大量积累。从第4-10天开始，过氧化物酶（POD），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）分别被激活了41.4–74.3％，37.2–44.4％和32.4–52.3％，而8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine（从8-10天开始，8-OHdG）水平升高了47.7-70.3％，表明EtFOSE诱导了in的氧化应激和氧化DNA损伤。谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）的显着增加为41.6–62。8％的活化作用（8-10天）间接证明了脱毒II期中EtFOSE或其相应代谢产物的结合。这项研究提供了有关EtFOSE对陆地无脊椎动物的命运和潜在风险的重要信息。