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Stem Cell Proliferation Is Kept in Check by the Chromatin Regulators Kismet/CHD7/CHD8 and Trr/MLL3/4.
Developmental Cell ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.04.033
Louis Gervais 1 , Marius van den Beek 1 , Manon Josserand 1 , Jérémy Sallé 1 , Marine Stefanutti 1 , Carolina N Perdigoto 1 , Patricia Skorski 1 , Khallil Mazouni 2 , Owen J Marshall 3 , Andrea H Brand 4 , François Schweisguth 2 , Allison J Bardin 1
Affiliation  

Chromatin remodeling accompanies differentiation, however, its role in self-renewal is less well understood. We report that in Drosophila, the chromatin remodeler Kismet/CHD7/CHD8 limits intestinal stem cell (ISC) number and proliferation without affecting differentiation. Stem-cell-specific whole-genome profiling of Kismet revealed its enrichment at transcriptionally active regions bound by RNA polymerase II and Brahma, its recruitment to the transcription start site of activated genes and developmental enhancers and its depletion from regions bound by Polycomb, Histone H1, and heterochromatin Protein 1. We demonstrate that the Trithorax-related/MLL3/4 chromatin modifier regulates ISC proliferation, colocalizes extensively with Kismet throughout the ISC genome, and co-regulates genes in ISCs, including Cbl, a negative regulator of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). Loss of kismet or trr leads to elevated levels of EGFR protein and signaling, thereby promoting ISC self-renewal. We propose that Kismet with Trr establishes a chromatin state that limits EGFR proliferative signaling, preventing tumor-like stem cell overgrowths.

中文翻译:

干细胞增殖受到染色质调节剂 Kismet/CHD7/CHD8 和 Trr/MLL3/4 的控制。

染色质重塑伴随着分化,然而,其在自我更新中的作用还不太清楚。我们报告说,在果蝇中,染色质重塑剂 Kismet/CHD7/CHD8 限制了肠道干细胞 (ISC) 的数量和增殖,而不影响分化。Kismet 的干细胞特异性全基因组分析揭示其在 RNA 聚合酶 II 和 Brahma 结合的转录活性区域富集,其募集到激活基因和发育增强子的转录起始位点,以及从 Polycomb、组蛋白 H1 结合的区域耗尽和异染色质蛋白 1。我们证明 Trithorax 相关/MLL3/4 染色质修饰剂调节 ISC 增殖,在整个 ISC 基因组中与 Kismet 广泛共定位,并共同调节 ISC 中的基因,包括 Cbl,表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR) 的负调节剂。kismet 或 trr 的缺失导致 EGFR 蛋白和信号水平升高,从而促进 ISC 自我更新。我们建议 Kismet 与 Trr 建立染色质状态,限制 EGFR 增殖信号,防止肿瘤样干细胞过度生长。
更新日期:2019-05-21
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