Effective Pretreatment of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Biomass Using a Low-Cost Ionic Liquid (Triethylammonium Hydrogen Sulfate): Optimization by Response Surface Methodology–Box Behnken Design,ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

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Effective Pretreatment of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Biomass Using a Low-Cost Ionic Liquid (Triethylammonium Hydrogen Sulfate): Optimization by Response Surface Methodology–Box Behnken Design
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-15 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b01457
Wafa Dastyar ₁ , Ming Zhao _{1,

2} , Wenyi Yuan ₃ , Hui Li ₄ , Zhao Jia Ting ₁ , Hosein Ghaedi ₁ , Hairong Yuan ₅ , Xiujin Li ₅ , Wei Wang _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Recently, dealing with generated heavy metal-contaminated biomasses (HMCBs) harvested from phytoextraction process has drawn increasing attention. In this study, the feasibility of an HMCB (willow) pretreatment using a low-cost ionic liquid (IL), namely, triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate [TEA][HSO₄], is investigated to remove the high contents of HMs prior to further thermochemical and biological valorization. The operating variables were temperature (75–105 °C), IL:biomass (10:1–30:1) ratio, and time (4–8 h) with constant feedstock particle size (0.35 mm). According to results obtained from response surface methodology–Box Behnken design (RSM–BBD), the optimum conditions of the IL-based pretreatment of HMCB for maximum HMs’ removal are temperature, 93 °C; IL:biomass ratio, 30:1; and time, 7.12 h. Under the optimum conditions, the IL is found to solubilize lignin and hemicellulose respectively about 70.54% and 92.56%; and subsequently, effective removal of HMs from HMCB is obtained (Cu, 100%; Zn, 88.77%; Mn, 79.70%; Fe, 73.11%; Cd, 70.42%; Al, 34.53%; and Cr, 18.17%), while Pb removal is negligible. The average amount of confidence intervals of developed models is ∼95%, and generally, the ratio of IL:biomass shows a higher effect on the efficiency of biomass fractionation and HMs’ removal, compared with temperature and time; however, interactions between the operating parameters are negligible.

中文翻译：

使用低成本离子液体（硫酸三乙铵氢盐）对重金属污染的生物质进行有效的预处理：通过响应面方法进行优化–盒式Behnken设计

近来，处理从植物提取过程中收获的重金属污染的生物质（HMCBs）已引起越来越多的关注。在这项研究中，使用低成本离子液体（IL），即硫酸三乙铵[TEA] [HSO ₄ ]进行HMCB（柳树）预处理的可行性进行了研究，以在进一步热化学和生物增值之前除去高含量的HM。操作变量为温度（75–105°C），IL：生物质（10：1–30：1）比率和时间（4–8 h），且原料颗粒尺寸（0.35 mm）恒定。根据响应表面方法Box-Behnken设计（RSM-BBD）获得的结果，以IL为基础进行HMCB预处理以最大程度地去除HMs的最佳条件是温度为93°C。IL：生物质比为30：1；和时间，7.12小时。在最佳条件下，发现白细胞介素可分别溶解木质素和半纤维素约70.54％和92.56％。然后从HMCB中有效去除HMs（Cu，100％; Zn，88.77％; Mn，79.70％; Fe，73.11％; Cd，70.42％; Al，34.53％;和Cr，18.17％），而铅的去除可以忽略不计。所开发模型的平均置信区间约为95％，并且与温度和时间相比，IL：生物质的比例通常对生物质分离效率和HMs的去除效果更高；但是，运行参数之间的相互作用可以忽略不计。

更新日期：2019-05-15

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