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Biallelic variants in POLR3GL cause endosteal hyperostosis and oligodontia.
European Journal of Human Genetics ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-14 , DOI: 10.1038/s41431-019-0427-0
Paulien A Terhal 1 , Judith M Vlaar 2 , Sjors Middelkamp 2 , Rutger A J Nievelstein 3 , Peter G J Nikkels 4 , Jamila Ross 5 , Marijn Créton 5 , Jeroen W Bos 6 , Elsbeth S M Voskuil-Kerkhof 7 , Edwin Cuppen 2 , Nine Knoers 8 , Koen L I van Gassen 1
Affiliation  

RNA polymerase III (Pol III) is an essential 17-subunit complex responsible for the transcription of small housekeeping RNAs such as transfer RNAs and 5S ribosomal RNA. Biallelic variants in four genes (POLR3A, POLR3B, and POLR1C and POLR3K) encoding Pol III subunits have previously been found in individuals with (neuro-) developmental disorders. In this report, we describe three individuals with biallelic variants in POLR3GL, a gene encoding a Pol III subunit that has not been associated with disease before. Using whole exome sequencing in a monozygotic twin and an unrelated individual, we detected homozygous and compound heterozygous POLR3GL splice acceptor site variants. RNA sequencing confirmed the loss of full-length POLR3GL RNA transcripts in blood samples of the individuals. The phenotypes of the described individuals are mainly characterized by axial endosteal hyperostosis, oligodontia, short stature, and mild facial dysmorphisms. These features largely fit within the spectrum of phenotypes caused by previously described biallelic variants in POLR3A, POLR3B, POLR1C, and POLR3K. These findings further expand the spectrum of POLR3-related disorders and implicate that POLR3GL should be included in genetic testing if such disorders are suspected.

中文翻译:

POLR3GL 中的双等位基因变异导致骨内膜肥厚和少牙症。

RNA 聚合酶 III (Pol III) 是一种必不可少的 17 亚基复合物,负责小管家 RNA 的转录,例如转移 RNA 和 5S 核糖体 RNA。先前在患有(神经)发育障碍的个体中发现了编码 Pol III 亚基的四个基因(POLR3A、POLR3B 和 POLR1C 和 POLR3K)中的双等位基因变异。在本报告中,我们描述了三个在 POLR3GL 中具有双等位基因变异的个体,POLR3GL 是一种编码 Pol III 亚基的基因,以前与疾病无关。在单卵双胞胎和无关个体中使用全外显子组测序,我们检测到纯合子和复合杂合子 POLR3GL 剪接受体位点变异。RNA 测序证实了个体血液样本中全长 POLR3GL RNA 转录本的丢失。所描述个体的表型主要以轴向骨内膜肥厚、少牙、身材矮小和轻度面部畸形为特征。这些特征在很大程度上符合由先前描述的 POLR3A、POLR3B、POLR1C 和 POLR3K 中的双等位基因变异引起的表型谱。这些发现进一步扩大了 POLR3 相关疾病的范围,并暗示如果怀疑此类疾病,应该将 POLR3GL 包括在基因检测中。
更新日期:2019-05-16
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