Multicellular Tumor Spheroids (MCTS) as a 3D In Vitro Evaluation Tool of Nanoparticles,Small

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Multicellular Tumor Spheroids (MCTS) as a 3D In Vitro Evaluation Tool of Nanoparticles
Small ( IF 13.0 ) Pub Date : 2018-02-16 , DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702858
Hongxu Lu ₁ , Martina H. Stenzel ₁

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Multicellular tumor spheroid models (MCTS) are often coined as 3D in vitro models that can mimic the microenvironment of tissues. MCTS have gained increasing interest in the nano‐biotechnology field as they can provide easily accessible information on the performance of nanoparticles without using animal models. Considering that many countries have put restrictions on animals testing, which will only tighten in the future as seen by the recent developments in the Netherlands, 3D models will become an even more valuable tool. Here, an overview on MCTS is provided, focusing on their use in cancer research as most nanoparticles are tested in MCTS for treatment of primary tumors. Thereafter, various types of nanoparticles—from self‐assembled block copolymers to inorganic nanoparticles, are discussed. A range of physicochemical parameters including the size, shape, surface chemistry, ligands attachment, stability, and stiffness are found to influence nanoparticles in MCTS. Some of these studies are complemented by animal studies confirming that lessons from MCTS can in part predict the behaviour in vivo. In summary, MCTS are suitable models to gain additional information on nanoparticles. While not being able to replace in vivo studies, they can bridge the gap between traditional 2D in vitro studies and in vivo models.

中文翻译：

多细胞肿瘤球体（MCTS）作为纳米粒子的3D体外评估工具

多细胞肿瘤球体模型（MCTS）通常被称为3D体外模型，可以模拟组织的微环境。MCTS在纳米生物技术领域引起了越来越多的兴趣，因为它们无需使用动物模型就可以提供有关纳米粒子性能的容易获得的信息。考虑到许多国家/地区对动物测试施加了限制，而这种限制只会在荷兰最近的事态发展中日趋严格，因此3D模型将成为更有价值的工具。这里，提供了有关MCTS的概述，重点介绍了它们在癌症研究中的用途，因为大多数纳米粒子都在MCTS中测试过用于治疗原发性肿瘤。此后，讨论了各种类型的纳米粒子-从自组装嵌段共聚物到无机纳米粒子。发现一系列物理化学参数，包括大小，形状，表面化学，配体附着，稳定性和刚度，都会影响MCTS中的纳米颗粒。其中一些研究得到了动物研究的补充，这些研究证实了来自MCTS的教训可以部分预测体内的行为。总之，MCTS是获得有关纳米颗粒附加信息的合适模型。尽管无法替代体内研究，但它们可以弥合传统2D体外研究与体内模型之间的鸿沟。MCTS是获得有关纳米颗粒附加信息的合适模型。尽管无法替代体内研究，但它们可以弥合传统2D体外研究与体内模型之间的鸿沟。MCTS是获得有关纳米颗粒附加信息的合适模型。尽管无法替代体内研究，但它们可以弥合传统2D体外研究与体内模型之间的鸿沟。

更新日期：2018-02-16

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