Towards sustainable elastomers from CO2: life cycle assessment of carbon capture and utilization for rubbers,Green Chemistry

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Towards sustainable elastomers from CO2: life cycle assessment of carbon capture and utilization for rubbers
Green Chemistry ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-13 , DOI: 10.1039/c9gc00267g
Raoul Meys _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Arne Kätelhön _{1,

2,

3,

4} , André Bardow _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

Elastomers have been recently proposed to integrate CO₂ as carbon feedstock. These elastomers are produced by reacting carbon dioxide with propylene oxide and maleic anhydride. The resulting cross-linkable polyether carbonate polyols can be combined with isocyanates to form a novel class of polymers: CO₂-based rubbers. These CO₂-based rubbers are able to substitute conventional rubbers in synthetic elastomer products, such as sealants or flexible tubes. In this work, we present the first Life Cycle Assessment for CO₂-based rubbers. To compare CO₂-based and conventional rubbers our assessment considers all relevant life cycle stages from cradle-to-grave. The production system of CO₂-based rubbers encompasses a nearby ammonia plant as a CO₂ source, the conversion of CO₂ to polyols, the reaction of polyols with isocyanates and finally, the incineration of CO₂-based rubbers. Our analysis shows that CO₂-based rubbers containing approx. 20% wt. CO₂ have a global warming impact of 4.93 kg CO₂-eq. Thus, CO₂-based rubbers are no carbon sink. However, CO₂-based rubbers reduce global warming impact by up to 34% if they substitute, for example, hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber on an equal mass basis. Fossil resource depletion is reduced by up to 33%. In contrast, other impact categories like ionizing radiation are increased by the utilization of CO₂-based rubbers in some cases. Thus, our study indicates that CO₂-based rubbers provide a promising pathway to reduce global warming impact and fossil resource depletion. However, it is likely that some other environmental impact categories such as ionizing radiation and freshwater eutrophication are increased.

中文翻译：

从CO ₂转向可持续的弹性体：橡胶的碳捕获和利用的生命周期评估

最近提出了弹性体以整合CO ₂作为碳原料。这些弹性体是通过使二氧化碳与环氧丙烷和马来酸酐反应而制得的。所得的可交联的聚醚碳酸酯多元醇可以与异氰酸酯结合以形成新型的聚合物类别：基于CO ₂的橡胶。这些基于CO ₂的橡胶能够代替合成橡胶产品中的传统橡胶，例如密封胶或挠性管。在这项工作中，我们提出了基于CO ₂的橡胶的首次生命周期评估。为了比较基于CO ₂的橡胶和常规橡胶，我们的评估考虑了从摇篮到坟墓的所有相关生命周期阶段。CO ₂的生产系统基橡胶包括附近的氨厂作为CO ₂来源，CO ₂向多元醇的转化，多元醇与异氰酸酯的反应以及最后焚烧基于CO ₂的橡胶。我们的分析表明，基于CO ₂的橡胶中大约含有 20％重量 CO ₂对全球变暖的影响为4.93 kg CO ₂当量。因此，基于CO ₂的橡胶没有碳汇。但是，CO ₂基橡胶在相同质量的基础上替代氢化丁腈橡胶，则可将全球变暖的影响降低多达34％。化石资源消耗减少了多达33％。相反，在某些情况下，通过使用基于CO ₂的橡胶会增加其他影响类别，例如电离辐射。因此，我们的研究表明，基于CO ₂的橡胶为减少全球变暖的影响和化石资源的枯竭提供了有希望的途径。但是，可能还会增加其他一些环境影响类别，例如电离辐射和淡水富营养化。

更新日期：2019-06-17

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