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Overpressure at the Macondo Well and its impact on the Deepwater Horizon blowout.
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-07 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42496-0
F William M Pinkston 1, 2 , Peter B Flemings 1, 2
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-07 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42496-0
F William M Pinkston 1, 2 , Peter B Flemings 1, 2
Affiliation
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At the Macondo well, the overpressure (fluid pressure greater than hydrostatic) in the main reservoir is nearly identical to that within a stratigraphically equivalent sandstone at the Galapagos development 21 miles (34 km) to the south; we interpret that the reservoirs share a permeable, laterally extensive, and hydraulically connected aquifer. At Macondo, pore pressure approximately parallels the overburden stress to a depth of 17,640 ft (5,377 m) subsea and thereafter decreases abruptly by 1,200 psi (8.3 MPa) over 370 ft (113 m) as the main sandstone reservoir is approached. In contrast, at Galapagos, pore pressure increases with the overburden stress for the entire well depth. The pore pressure regression at Macondo was responsible for a reduction in the least principal stress. This, in combination with the extreme pore pressures within overlying strata, drastically narrowed the range of safe operational borehole pressures. These geologic phenomena produced challenging conditions for drilling, prevented successful temporary abandonment of the well, and contributed to the well's failure.
中文翻译：
Macondo井的超压及其对“深水地平线”井喷的影响。
在Macondo井，主油藏中的超压（流体压力大于静水压力）几乎与南部21英里（34公里）的加拉帕戈斯开发区的地层等效砂岩中的超压相同。我们解释说，这些油藏共享一个可渗透的，横向扩展的和水力连通的含水层。在马孔多（Macondo），孔隙压力大约与覆盖层应力平行，直到海底17640英尺（5,377 m）的深度，此后随着接近主要砂岩储层，在370英尺（113 m）上突然降低了1,200 psi（8.3 MPa）。相反，在加拉帕戈斯，整个井深的孔隙压力都随着上覆应力的增加而增加。Macondo的孔隙压力回归是最小主应力减小的原因。这，结合上覆岩层中的极端孔隙压力，极大地缩小了安全操作井眼压力的范围。这些地质现象给钻井创造了挑战性的条件，阻止了井的成功临时弃置，并导致了井的失败。
更新日期：2019-05-16
中文翻译：
Macondo井的超压及其对“深水地平线”井喷的影响。
在Macondo井，主油藏中的超压（流体压力大于静水压力）几乎与南部21英里（34公里）的加拉帕戈斯开发区的地层等效砂岩中的超压相同。我们解释说，这些油藏共享一个可渗透的，横向扩展的和水力连通的含水层。在马孔多（Macondo），孔隙压力大约与覆盖层应力平行，直到海底17640英尺（5,377 m）的深度，此后随着接近主要砂岩储层，在370英尺（113 m）上突然降低了1,200 psi（8.3 MPa）。相反，在加拉帕戈斯，整个井深的孔隙压力都随着上覆应力的增加而增加。Macondo的孔隙压力回归是最小主应力减小的原因。这，结合上覆岩层中的极端孔隙压力，极大地缩小了安全操作井眼压力的范围。这些地质现象给钻井创造了挑战性的条件，阻止了井的成功临时弃置，并导致了井的失败。
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