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Characterising covalent warhead reactivity.
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.04.002
James S Martin 1 , Claire J MacKenzie 1 , Daniel Fletcher 1 , Ian H Gilbert 1
Affiliation  

Many drugs currently used are covalent inhibitors and irreversibly inhibit their targets. Most of these were discovered through serendipity. Covalent inhibitions can have many advantages from a pharmacokinetic perspective. However, until recently most organisations have shied away from covalent compound design due to fears of non-specific inhibition of off-target proteins leading to toxicity risks. However, there has been a renewed interest in covalent modifiers as potential drugs, as it possible to get highly selective compounds. It is therefore important to know how reactive a warhead is and to be able to select the least reactive warhead possible to avoid toxicity. A robust NMR based assay was developed and used to measure the reactivity of a variety of covalent warheads against serine and cysteine - the two most common targets for covalent drugs. A selection of these warheads also had their reactivity measured against threonine, tyrosine, lysine, histidine and arginine to better understand our ability to target non-traditional residues. The reactivity was also measured at various pHs to assess what effect the environment in the active site would have on these reactions. The reactivity of a covalent modifier was found to be very dependent on the amino acid residue.

中文翻译:

表征共价战斗部反应性。

当前使用的许多药物是共价抑制剂,并且不可逆地抑制其靶标。其中大多数是通过偶然发现的。从药代动力学角度来看,共价抑制可具有许多优势。然而,直到最近,由于担心非特异性抑制脱靶蛋白会导致毒性风险,大多数组织仍避开了共价化合物的设计。但是,人们对共价修饰剂作为潜在药物有了新的兴趣,因为它有可能获得高度选择性的化合物。因此,重要的是要了解战斗部的反应性,并能够选择反应性最小的战斗部以避免毒性。开发了基于核磁共振的稳健分析方法,用于测定多种共价弹头对丝氨酸和半胱氨酸的反应性,丝氨酸和半胱氨酸是共价药物的两个最常见靶标。这些弹头的选择还具有针对苏氨酸,酪氨酸,赖氨酸,组氨酸和精氨酸的反应活性,以更好地了解我们靶向非传统残基的能力。还在各种pH值下测量了反应性,以评估活性位点环境对这些反应的影响。发现共价修饰剂的反应性非常依赖于氨基酸残基。还在各种pH值下测量了反应性,以评估活性位点环境对这些反应的影响。发现共价修饰剂的反应性非常依赖于氨基酸残基。还在各种pH值下测量了反应性,以评估活性位点环境对这些反应的影响。发现共价修饰剂的反应性非常依赖于氨基酸残基。
更新日期:2019-04-03
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