Since the first discovery of graphene in 2004, the scientific and industrial community is still finding fields to bring the excellent mechanical performance of graphene into full play. Herein, this review summarizes the recent advances in graphene and graphene derivatives toughened polymer nanocomposites, which gives full play to the unique two-dimensional nanostructure, extra specific surface area and ultrahigh mechanical properties of graphene and graphene derivatives. Using graphene and graphene derivatives as toughening modifier of polymers can not only enhance the toughness of the polymer matrix but also endow the polymer nanocomposites with enhanced strength. The preparation, performance and mechanism of graphene and graphene derivatives toughened polymer nanocomposites are highlighted in this review. The factors influencing the efficiency of graphene and graphene derivatives toughening polymers are discussed in detail. Current challenge and future direction in graphene and graphene derivatives toughened polymer nanocomposites are proposed for promoting the application of graphene in toughening polymers. This review provides a guidance for fabricating high-performance polymer/graphene nanocomposites.

自2004年首次发现石墨烯以来，科学界和工业界仍在寻找可以充分发挥石墨烯优异机械性能的领域。本文综述了石墨烯和石墨烯衍生物增韧聚合物纳米复合材料的最新进展，充分发挥了石墨烯和石墨烯衍生物独特的二维纳米结构，超比表面积和超高机械性能。使用石墨烯和石墨烯衍生物作为聚合物的增韧改性剂不仅可以增强聚合物基体的韧性，而且可以使聚合物纳米复合材料具有增强的强度。本文重点介绍了石墨烯和石墨烯衍生物增韧的聚合物纳米复合材料的制备，性能和机理。详细讨论了影响石墨烯和石墨烯衍生物增韧聚合物效率的因素。提出了石墨烯和石墨烯衍生物增韧聚合物纳米复合材料的当前挑战和未来方向，以促进石墨烯在增韧聚合物中的应用。这篇综述为制备高性能聚合物/石墨烯纳米复合材料提供了指导。