Profiling cocaine residues and pyrolytic products in wastewater by mixed-mode liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.,Drug Testing and Analysis

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Profiling cocaine residues and pyrolytic products in wastewater by mixed-mode liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Drug Testing and Analysis ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-23 , DOI: 10.1002/dta.2590
Iria González-Mariño ₁ , Andrea Estévez-Danta ₁ , Rosario Rodil ₁ , Katyeny Manuela Da Silva ₂ , Fernando Fabriz Sodré ₂ , Rafael Cela ₁ , José Benito Quintana ₁

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This work provides a new analytical method for the determination of cocaine, its metabolites benzoylecgonine and cocaethylene, the pyrolytic products anhydroecgonine and anhydroecgonine methyl ester, and the pharmaceutical levamisole in wastewater. Samples were solid‐phase extracted and extracts analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry using, for the first time in the illicit drug field, a stationary phase that combines reversed‐phase and weak cation‐exchange functionalities. The overall method performance was satisfactory, with limits of detection below 1 ng/L, relative standard deviations below 21%, and percentages of recovery between 93% and 121%. Analysis of 24‐hour composite raw wastewater samples collected in Santiago de Compostela (Spain) and Brasilia (Brazil) highlighted benzoylecgonine as the compound showing the highest population‐normalized mass loads (300–1000 mg/day/1000 inhabitants). In Brasilia, cocaine and levamisole loads underwent an upsurge on Sunday, indicating a high consumption, and likely a direct disposal, of cocaine powder on this day. Conversely, the pyrolytic product resulting from the smoke of crack, anhydroecgonine methyl ester, and its metabolite anhydroecgonine were relatively stable over the four days, agreeing with a non‐recreational‐associated use of crack.

中文翻译：

混合模式液相色谱-串联质谱分析废水中的可卡因残留物和热解产物。

这项工作为测定可卡因，其代谢产物苯甲酰芽子碱和可卡乙烯，热解产物脱水芽子碱和脱水芽子碱甲酯以及制药废水中的左旋咪唑提供了一种新的分析方法。固相萃取样品，并通过液相色谱-串联质谱法在非法药物领域中首次使用结合了反相和弱阳离子交换功能的固定相对萃取物进行分析。总体方法性能令人满意，检测限低于1 ng / L，相对标准偏差低于21％，回收率在93％至121％之间。对在圣地亚哥德孔波斯特拉（西班牙）和巴西利亚（巴西）收集的24小时复合原废水样品进行的分析表明，苯甲酰芽子碱是最大的人群标准化质量负荷化合物（300-1000 mg / day / 1000居民）。在巴西利亚，可卡因和左旋咪唑的含量在周日呈上升趋势，表明这一天可卡因粉消费量很高，有可能直接处置。相反，裂纹产生的热解产物，氢精氨酸甲酯及其代谢产物氢精氨酸在四天内相对稳定，这与非娱乐性使用裂纹相吻合。这天可卡因粉。相反，裂纹产生的热解产物，氢精氨酸甲酯及其代谢产物氢精氨酸在四天内相对稳定，这与非娱乐性使用裂纹相吻合。这天可卡因粉。相反，裂纹产生的热解产物，氢精氨酸甲酯及其代谢产物氢精氨酸在四天内相对稳定，这与非娱乐性使用裂纹相吻合。

更新日期：2019-04-23

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