Water wave energy is one of the tremendous clean energy reserves on earth. The utilization of wave power has long been focused but at limited scope due to challenges such as cost and durability in severe ocean environment. Here, a macroscopic self-assembly network of encapsulated triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is proposed for the first time for water wave energy harvesting. By a rationally designed self-adaptive magnetic joints, the network demonstrated capabilities of self-assembly, self-healing and facile reconfiguration, greatly improving the autonomy and robustness of the system. A three-dimensional electrode structure boosts the output of the TENG unit, with an average power density of 8.69 W m⁻³ under ideal agitations and 2.05 W m⁻³ in water waves, which is more than 18 times of the power of the reported ball-shell structured device despite lower agitation frequency here. The self-assembly TENG network as a robust and high-performance structure should provide a reliable route towards large-scale utilization of the water wave energy, enabling self-powered systems in ocean.

水波浪能是地球上巨大的清洁能源储备之一。波浪能的利用长期以来一直受到关注，但由于在严峻的海洋环境中的成本和耐用性等挑战，其使用范围有限。在这里，首次提出了一种封装的摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）的宏观自组装网络，用于水波能量的收集。通过合理设计的自适应磁接头，该网络展示了自组装，自修复和灵活重新配置的功能，从而大大提高了系统的自治性和鲁棒性。三维电极结构可提高TENG单元的输出功率，在理想搅拌下平均功率密度为8.69 W m ^-3，平均功率密度为2.05 W m ^-3在水波中，尽管此处的搅拌频率较低，但仍是报告的球壳结构设备功率的18倍以上。自组装的TENG网络是一个强大而高性能的结构，应该为大规模利用水波能源提供可靠的途径，从而使海洋中的自供电系统成为可能。