Abstract This study compares the tribological performance of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thin film coating reinforced with black phosphorus (BP) or ball-milled graphite (BMG) nanoparticles, so as to elucidate their mechanism of action under reciprocating sliding test conditions. PTFE coatings with 0.5 wt.% BMG (BMG/PTFE) and 0.5 wt.% BP (BP/PTFE) were prepared on GCr15 bearing steel disk by using a spin coater. The friction and wear tests were carried out by using the ball-on-disk tribometer under a normal load of 1 N (contact pressure: 780 MPa), a frequency of 2 Hz, and 4.2 mm sliding displacement amplitude. The surface roughness, wear volume and surface morphology of the coatings were characterized by the three-dimensional white light, and Energy Dispersive X-ray Detector (EDX) analysis coupled with environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). It is found that BP/PTFE coating has better anti-wear and anti-friction performances than those of pure PTFE or BMG/PTFE coating. The coating with BP nanoparticles shows excellent tribological properties with the wear volume decreased from 3.52 × 106 μm3 to 1.64 × 106 μm3 and the coefficient of friction (COF) decreased from 0.117 to 0.046. More importantly, the BP layer probably expands and absorbs much energy due to its negative Poisson's ratio phenomenon under reciprocating sliding, and effectively reducing furrow and adhesive wear.

中文翻译：

---

黑磷纳米粒子增强聚四氟乙烯涂层的摩擦学行为

摘要 本研究比较了黑磷（BP）或球磨石墨（BMG）纳米颗粒增强聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）薄膜涂层的摩擦学性能，以阐明它们在往复滑动试验条件下的作用机理。使用旋涂机在GCr15轴承钢盘上制备了含有0.5 wt.% BMG (BMG/PTFE)和0.5 wt.% BP (BP/PTFE)的PTFE涂层。摩擦磨损试验采用球盘摩擦计在1 N（接触压力：780 MPa）的法向载荷、2 Hz的频率和4.2 mm的滑动位移幅值下进行。涂层的表面粗糙度、磨损量和表面形貌通过三维白光、能量色散 X 射线探测器 (EDX) 分析与环境扫描电子显微镜 (ESEM) 相结合。发现BP/PTFE涂层比纯PTFE或BMG/PTFE涂层具有更好的抗磨损和减摩性能。BP纳米颗粒涂层表现出优异的摩擦学性能，磨损量从3.52×106μm3下降到1.64×106μm3，摩擦系数（COF）从0.117下降到0.046。更重要的是，BP层在往复滑动下可能由于其负泊松比现象而膨胀并吸收大量能量，并有效地减少了皱纹和粘着磨损。BP纳米颗粒涂层表现出优异的摩擦学性能，磨损量从3.52×106μm3下降到1.64×106μm3，摩擦系数（COF）从0.117下降到0.046。更重要的是，BP层在往复滑动下可能由于其负泊松比现象而膨胀并吸收大量能量，并有效地减少了皱纹和粘着磨损。BP纳米颗粒涂层表现出优异的摩擦学性能，磨损量从3.52×106μm3下降到1.64×106μm3，摩擦系数（COF）从0.117下降到0.046。更重要的是，BP层在往复滑动下可能由于其负泊松比现象而膨胀并吸收大量能量，并有效地减少了皱纹和粘着磨损。