Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is considered a useful greenhouse gas that can be captured and be used in the electro-syntheses of useful chemicals or fuels. On the other hand, there’s also a tremendous interest on ethanol beneficiation as it is largely produced from crops, and it is regarded as a potential candidate for low temperature fuel cell applications. Although ethanol possesses good advantages, its resistant to oxidation poses a threat. The main objective of the study is to synthesis bio-inspired metal oxide–support catalyst which will help enhance the activity, efficiency and selectivity of Pd catalyst in CO₂ reduction, Fuel cell performance and ethanol oxidation. Here, Pd nanoparticles were supported on NiO/C through a green facile one-step process using pomegranate peel extracts as reducing agent. A series of characterizations were carried out to provide proof for and to quantify the presence of Pd, Ni, O and C in the prepared sample. Microscopic methods confirmed the successful preparation of pure NiO/C and (%5 Pd) Pd-NiO/C, evident by the key elemental components, mixed nanostructures and co-existence of Pd and NiO/C. The resultant Pd-NiO/C nanocatalyst revealed higher activity towards the oxidation of ethanol and that the nanocatalyst is more tolerant to poising by intermediate oxidation species. Enhanced cell performance with current and power densities of 66 mA cm⁻² and 26 mW cm⁻² relative to the commercial Pd/C were obtained under passive conditions at 1 M ethanol in 1MKOH. In addition, the nanocatalyst showed good selectivity to HCOOH with enhanced current efficiencies of 45%.

二氧化碳（CO ₂）被认为是有用的温室气体，可以被捕获并用于有用化学物质或燃料的电合成中。另一方面，乙醇的选矿也引起了极大的兴趣，因为它主要来自农作物，并且被认为是低温燃料电池应用的潜在候选者。尽管乙醇具有良好的优势，但其抗氧化性构成了威胁。该研究的主要目的是合成生物启发的金属氧化物载体催化剂，这将有助于提高Pd催化剂在CO _2中的活性，效率和选择性。还原，燃料电池性能和乙醇氧化。在这里，使用石榴皮提取物作为还原剂，通过绿色简便的一步法将Pd纳米颗粒负载在NiO / C上。进行了一系列表征，以证明并量化所制备样品中Pd，Ni，O和C的存在。显微方法证实了成功制备纯NiO / C和（％5 Pd）Pd-NiO / C的关键元素组成，混合的纳米结构以及Pd和NiO / C的共存性证明了这一点。所得的Pd-NiO / C纳米催化剂显示出对乙醇氧化的更高活性，并且该纳米催化剂更耐受中间氧化物质的平衡。电流和功率密度分别为66 mA cm ^-2和26 mW cm ^-2时增强的电池性能在1M KOH中的1 M乙醇中，在被动条件下获得相对于市售Pd / C的相对峰。另外，纳米催化剂对HCOOH表现出良好的选择性，电流效率提高了45％。