Chemosphere ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.030 Hao Xu , Chao Feng , Yiyi Cao , Ying Lu , Jing Xi , Jieyun Ji , Dasheng Lu , Xin-Yu Zhang , Yang Luan
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2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a predominant polybromodiphenyl ether congener in the environment. Its absorption, excretion, and metabolism in animals have been investigated; however, the distribution of BDE-47 and its metabolites in excreta and blood at steady-state conditions has been unclear. In the present study, we addressed the issue by determining the amounts of BDE-47, eight monohydroxylated metabolites (OH-BDEs), and 2,4-dibromophenol (2,4-DBP) in serum, urine, and feces of gpt delta transgenic mice orally administered BDE-47 at 1.5, 10, and 30 mg/kg/d for 6 weeks during the 24 h period (for urine and feces) or at 24 h (for blood) post-last dosing. The distribution profiles in the three matrices showed that BDE-47, OH-BDEs, and 2,4-DBP were mostly distributed in urine (59-70%), feces (95-96%), and urine (51-80%), respectively. In each matrix, BDE-47 was the predominant compound under all doses, which accounted for 84-96% in serum, 68-98% in urine, and 37-92% in feces. However, exclusive of BDE-47, OH-BDEs were the predominant class of metabolites in serum (72-86%) and feces (67-87%), whereas 2,4-DBP was the major metabolite in urine (98-99%). Among monohydroxylated metabolites, the dominant compounds were 4-hydroxy-2,2′,3,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (4-OH-BDE-42) and 4′-hydroxy-2,2′,4,5′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (4′-OH-BDE-49) in feces (27-33% and 25-43%, respectively), and 3-hydroxy-2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (3-OH-BDE-47) in serum (26-43%). Thus, BDE-47 and 2,4-DBP were mostly present in urine, and OH-BDEs were primarily found in feces. Blood was not an important carrier for either BDE-47 or its metabolites. The data provide information for distribution and elimination of BDE-47 and its metabolites in mice at steady-state conditions.
中文翻译:
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母体化合物及其代谢产物在施用2,2',4,4'-四溴二苯醚的小鼠的血清,尿液和粪便中的分布
2,2',4,4'-四溴二苯醚(BDE-47)是环境中主要的聚溴二苯醚同类物。已经研究了其在动物体内的吸收,排泄和新陈代谢。然而,尚不清楚稳态条件下BDE-47及其代谢物在排泄物和血液中的分布。在本研究中,我们通过确定gpt的血清,尿液和粪便中的BDE-47,八种单羟基代谢物(OH-BDEs)和2,4-二溴苯酚(2,4-DBP)的量解决了该问题。Delta转基因小鼠在最后一次给药后的24小时内(对于尿液和粪便)或在24小时(对于血液)以1.5、10和30 mg / kg / d口服BDE-47,持续6周。在三种基质中的分布情况表明,BDE-47,OH-BDEs和2,4-DBP主要分布在尿液(59-70%),粪便(95-96%)和尿液(51-80%)中), 分别。在每种基质中,BDE-47是所有剂量下的主要化合物,在血清中占84-96%,在尿中占68-98%,在粪便中占37-92%。但是,除BDE-47外,OH-BDEs是血清(72-86%)和粪便(67-87%)的主要代谢产物,而2,4-DBP是尿液中的主要代谢产物(98-99) %)。在单羟基化代谢产物中,主要化合物为4-羟基-2,2',3,4'-四溴二苯醚(4-OH-BDE-42)和4'-羟基-2,2',4,粪便中的5'-四溴二苯醚(4'-OH-BDE-49)(分别为27-33%和25-43%)和3-羟基-2,2',4,4'-四溴二苯醚(3 -OH-BDE-47)(26-43%)。因此,BDE-47和2,4-DBP大部分存在于尿液中,而OH-BDEs主要存在于粪便中。血液不是BDE-47或其代谢产物的重要载体。数据提供了在稳态条件下小鼠中BDE-47及其代谢产物的分布和消除的信息。