相关文石过饱和条件下的体外珊瑚生物矿化,Chemistry - A European Journal

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相关文石过饱和条件下的体外珊瑚生物矿化
Chemistry - A European Journal ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-26 , DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900691
Branka Njegić Džakula ₁ , Simona Fermani ₂ , Zvy Dubinsky ₃ , Stefano Goffredo ₄ , Giuseppe Falini ₂ , Damir Kralj ₁

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珊瑚的生物矿化发生在文石的高过饱和度和低过饱和度的条件下，分别对应于其白天或黑夜的生长时期。在这里，研究了人造海水在高过饱和度下的体外沉淀，该沉淀条件允许自发成核和生长，以及在低过饱和条件下，仅允许在故意引入的文石晶种上生长晶体。在这两种化学系统中，均从欧洲毛Bal（Balanophyllia europaea）（光敏性）或小白斑病（Leptopsammia pruvoti）中提取可溶性有机基质（SOM）。（对光线不敏感）已添加。文石沉淀的动力学和热力学数据分析和显微镜观察表明，在高过饱和度下，SOMs延长了诱导时间，不影响生长速率，并被掺入了纳米颗粒的聚集体中。在较低的过饱和度下，SOM会影响过度生长的晶体单元的聚集，并且基本不会改变生长速率。根据获得的结果，我们可以推断出，在高过饱和条件下，通常会发生在骨架早期矿化区中观察到的纳米粒子的形成，而在低过饱和度时，在骨架纤维区中观察到的棱柱形种子的过度生长是主要过程。综上所述，

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In Vitro Coral Biomineralization under Relevant Aragonite Supersaturation Conditions

The biomineralization of corals occurs under conditions of high and low supersaturation with respect to aragonite, which corresponds to day‐ or night‐time periods of their growth, respectively. Here, in vitro precipitation of aragonite in artificial seawater was investigated at a high supersaturation, allowing spontaneous nucleation and growth, as well as at low supersaturation conditions, which allowed only the crystal growth on the deliberately introduced aragonite seeds. In either chemical systems, soluble organic matrix (SOM) extracted from Balanophyllia europaea (light sensitive) or Leptopsammia pruvoti (light insensitive) was added. The analyses of the kinetic and thermodynamic data of aragonite precipitation and microscopic observations showed that, at high supersaturation, the SOMs increased the induction time, did not affect the growth rate and were incorporated within aggregates of nanoparticles. At low supersaturation, the SOMs affected the aggregation of overgrowing crystalline units and did not substantially change the growth rate. On the basis of the obtained results we can infer that at high supersaturation conditions the formation of nanoparticles, which is typically observed in the skeleton's early mineralization zone may occur, whereas at low supersaturation the overgrowth on prismatic seeds observed in the skeleton fiber zone is a predominant process. In conclusion, this research brings insight on coral skeletogenesis bridging physicochemical (supersaturation) and biological (role of SOM) models of coral biomineralization and provides a source of inspiration for the precipitation of composite materials under different conditions of supersaturation.

更新日期：2019-04-26

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