In this paper, a series of mono-functional and bifunctional anion exchange resins with different kinds of trialkylammonium groups were synthesized and used for adsorption of nitrate from aqueous solution. The obtained resins were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and pore size distribution. Adsorptive behaviors and mechanisms were investigated by batch experiments. The nitrate could be preferentially adsorbed in the presence of chloride, sulfate and humic acid by longer-chain trialkylamine modified resins. Especially, the L20 resin with the triethylammonium functional group was demonstrated to possess high selectivity toward nitrate with the highest distribution coefficient among all tested resins. For both single and bi-solutes systems, the adsorption isotherm data could be well fitted with the Langmuir model, while the experimental kinetic data was well described by both pseudo first-order and second-order kinetic model. The L20 resin could be reused after many adsorption-desorption cycles with most of its virgin adsorption capacity for advanced wastewater treatment, indicating its great potential for the selective and efficient removal of nitrate from large amounts of municipal wastewater or surface water.

本文合成了一系列具有不同种类的三烷基铵基团的单官能和双官能阴离子交换树脂，并将其用于从水溶液中吸附硝酸盐。通过扫描电子显微镜，傅立叶变换红外光谱和孔径分布对所得树脂进行了系统表征。通过分批实验研究了吸附行为和机理。硝酸盐可以在氯化物，硫酸盐和腐植酸存在下被长链三烷基胺改性的树脂优先吸附。尤其是，在所有测试树脂中，具有三乙铵官能团的L20树脂被证明具有对硝酸盐的高选择性和最高的分配系数。对于单溶质和双溶质系统，吸附等温线数据可以很好地与Langmuir模型拟合，而实验动力学数据可以用伪一级动力学模型和二级动力学模型很好地描述。L20树脂经过许多次吸附-解吸循环后可以重复使用，其大部分原始吸附能力可用于先进的废水处理，这表明它具有从大量市政废水或地表水中选择性和有效去除硝酸盐的巨大潜力。