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A Tool for the Import of Natural and Unnatural Nucleoside Triphosphates into Bacteria
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-17 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11404
Aaron W. Feldman 1 , Emil C. Fischer 1 , Michael P. Ledbetter 1 , Jen-Yu Liao 2 , John C. Chaput 2 , Floyd E. Romesberg 1
Affiliation  

Nucleoside triphosphates play a central role in biology, but efforts to study these roles have proven difficult because the levels of triphosphates are tightly regulated in a cell and because individual triphosphates can be difficult to label or modify. In addition, many synthetic biology efforts are focused on the development of unnatural nucleoside triphosphates that perform specific functions in the cellular environment. In general, both of these efforts would be facilitated by a general means to directly introduce desired triphosphates into cells. Previously, we demonstrated that recombinant expression of a nucleoside triphosphate transporter from Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PtNTT2) in Escherichia coli functions to import triphosphates that are added to the media. Here, to explore the generality and utility of this approach, we report a structure-activity relationship study of PtNTT2. Using a conventional competitive uptake inhibition assay, we characterize the effects of nucleobase, sugar, and triphosphate modification, and then develop an LC-MS/MS assay to directly measure the effects of the modifications on import. Lastly, we use the transporter to import radiolabeled or 2'-fluoro-modified triphosphates and quantify their incorporation into DNA and RNA. The results demonstrate the general utility of the PtNTT2-mediated import of natural or modified nucleoside triphosphates for different molecular or synthetic biology applications.

中文翻译:

将天然和非天然核苷三磷酸导入细菌的工具

三磷酸核苷在生物学中发挥着核心作用,但研究这些作用的努力已被证明是困难的,因为细胞中三磷酸的水平受到严格调控,而且单个三磷酸可能难以标记或修饰。此外,许多合成生物学工作都集中在开发在细胞环境中发挥特定功能的非天然三磷酸核苷。一般而言,将所需的三磷酸盐直接引入细胞的一般手段将促进这两种努力。以前,我们证明了来自三角褐指藻 (PtNTT2) 的核苷三磷酸转运蛋白在大肠杆菌中的重组表达,其功能是导入添加到培养基中的三磷酸。在这里,为了探索这种方法的普遍性和实用性,我们报告了 PtNTT2 的构效关系研究。我们使用传统的竞争性摄取抑制分析来表征核碱基、糖和三磷酸修饰的影响,然后开发 LC-MS/MS 分析以直接测量修饰对导入的影响。最后,我们使用转运蛋白导入放射性标记或 2'-氟修饰的三磷酸,并量化它们与 DNA 和 RNA 的结合。结果证明了 PtNTT2 介导的天然或修饰的三磷酸核苷导入对于不同分子或合成生物学应用的普遍效用。然后开发一种 LC-MS/MS 分析来直接测量修改对导入的影响。最后,我们使用转运蛋白导入放射性标记或 2'-氟修饰的三磷酸,并量化它们与 DNA 和 RNA 的结合。结果证明了 PtNTT2 介导的天然或修饰的三磷酸核苷导入对于不同分子或合成生物学应用的普遍效用。然后开发一种 LC-MS/MS 分析来直接测量修改对导入的影响。最后,我们使用转运蛋白导入放射性标记或 2'-氟修饰的三磷酸,并量化它们与 DNA 和 RNA 的结合。结果证明了 PtNTT2 介导的天然或修饰的三磷酸核苷导入对于不同分子或合成生物学应用的普遍效用。
更新日期:2018-01-17
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