Changing climatic conditions impose a challenge both to biodiversity and food security. The effects of climate change affect different aspects of the plant or crop, such as morphological and phenological aspects, as well as yield. The effects of greenhouse conditions might be comparable in some cases to a permanent extreme disturbance in climate and weather, thus, contributing to our knowledge on climate change impacts on plant species. We have investigated the differences for 23 traits in two cultivar groups of an Andean traditional crop, Solanum betaceum, under two different environmental conditions that correspond to the traditional practices in the open field and three cultural managements under greenhouse conditions (no fertilization or control, organic, and mineral). We found that traditional practices in the open field are the less productive. Moreover, in warmer and drier conditions the treatment with organic fertilization was the most productive. Greenhouse conditions, however, delay production. We further identified traits that differentiate both cultivar groups and traits that are linked to either the new climate conditions or the fertilization treatments. Fruit characteristics were quite homogeneous between the two cultivar groups. Overall, our results provide insight on the consequences that climate change effects might exert on crops such as tree tomato, reveal that greenhouses can be a robust alternative for tree tomato production, and highlight the need to understand how different managements are linked to different solutions to fulfil the farmers’ demands.

气候条件的变化对生物多样性和粮食安全都构成了挑战。气候变化的影响会影响植物或农作物的不同方面，例如形态和物候方面以及产量。在某些情况下，温室条件的影响可能与气候和天气的永久性极端骚扰相当，因此有助于我们了解气候变化对植物物种的影响。我们调查了安第斯传统作物茄属甜菜的两个品种组中23个性状的差异，在两种不同的环境条件下，这些条件对应于露天场所的传统做法，在温室条件下（无施肥或控制，有机和矿物）进行三种文化管理。我们发现，开放领域的传统做法生产效率较低。而且，在温暖和干燥的条件下，有机肥的处理效率最高。但是，温室条件延误了生产。我们进一步确定了既能区分栽培品种群又能与新气候条件或施肥方法相关的性状的特征。两个品种组之间的果实特性相当均一。总体而言，我们的结果提供了有关气候变化影响可能对诸如番茄树，