The measurement of stellar properties such as chemical compositions, masses and ages, through stellar spectra, is a fundamental problem in astrophysics. Progress in the understanding, calculation and measurement of atomic properties and processes relevant to the high-accuracy analysis of F-, G-, and K-type stellar spectra is reviewed, with particular emphasis on abundance analysis. This includes fundamental atomic data such as energy levels, wavelengths, and transition probabilities, as well as processes of photoionisation, collisional broadening and inelastic collisions. A recurring theme throughout the review is the interplay between theoretical atomic physics, laboratory measurements, and astrophysical modelling, all of which contribute to our understanding of atoms and atomic processes, as well as to modelling stellar spectra.

中文翻译：

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晚型恒星的准确丰度分析：原子物理学进展

通过恒星光谱测量恒星的化学成分、质量和年龄等属性是天体物理学中的一个基本问题。综述了与 F 型、G 型和 K 型恒星光谱高精度分析相关的原子性质和过程的理解、计算和测量方面的进展，特别强调了丰度分析。这包括基本的原子数据，例如能级、波长和跃迁概率，以及光电离、碰撞展宽和非弹性碰撞的过程。贯穿整个评论的一个反复出现的主题是理论原子物理学、实验室测量和天体物理建模之间的相互作用，所有这些都有助于我们理解原子和原子过程，以及建模恒星光谱。