M2M communication is an important component for future wireless networks. M2M systems consist of a large number of devices that can operate with minimum or no human intervention. However, spectrum demand rises exponentially with the increase in the number of connected devices. Cognitive 5G networks are key to address the issue of spectrum scarcity. Further, use of multiple gateways in cognitive 5G networks for M2M communication can increase system throughput, coverage, and energy efficiency. Nevertheless, using multiple gateways for the secondary M2M devices may cause interference to the primary M2M devices. Existing gateway selection protocols for cognitive M2M communication mostly use single channel CSMA, and thus are not efficient in terms of reducing the interference. Thus, in this article, we propose a DGAP based on multi-channel CSMA for M2M communication in 5G networks. Further, we propose a Lo-DGAP, where each gateway transmits only the worst primary M2M device information rather than transmitting all neighboring primary M2M device information. The proposed Lo-DGAP increases the throughput of the system by reducing the message header payload and is also energy- efficient. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes in terms of network lifetime and energy consumption.

中文翻译：

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认知 5G 网络中 M2M 通信的分布式网关选择


M2M通信是未来无线网络的重要组成部分。 M2M 系统由大量设备组成，这些设备可以在最少或无需人工干预的情况下运行。然而，随着连接设备数量的增加，频谱需求呈指数级增长。认知 5G 网络是解决频谱稀缺问题的关键。此外，在认知 5G 网络中使用多个网关进行 M2M 通信可以提高系统吞吐量、覆盖范围和能源效率。然而，对次要M2M设备使用多个网关可能会对主要M2M设备造成干扰。现有的认知M2M通信的网关选择协议大多使用单通道CSMA，因此在减少干扰方面效率不高。因此，在本文中，我们提出了一种基于多通道 CSMA 的 DGAP，用于 5G 网络中的 M2M 通信。此外，我们提出了 Lo-DGAP，其中每个网关仅传输最差的主 M2M 设备信息，而不是传输所有相邻的主 M2M 设备信息。所提出的 Lo-DGAP 通过减少消息头有效负载来提高系统的吞吐量，并且还具有节能性。仿真结果证明了所提出的方案在网络寿命和能耗方面的有效性。