The current need for long lasting implants and bone substitutes characterized by biocompatibility, bioactivity and mechanical properties, without the immune rejection is a great challenge for scientists. These bone substitute structures should be prepared for individual patients with all details controlled on the micrometer level. Similarly, nontoxic, biocompatible targeted drug delivery systems which allow controlling the rate and time period of the drug delivery and simultaneously eliminating toxic and side effects on the healthy tissues, are of great interest.

Extensive attempts have been made to develop a simple, efficient, and green method to form biofunctional scaffolds and implant coatings possessing the above mentioned significant biocompatibility, bioactivity and mechanical strength. Moreover, that could also serve as drug delivery systems. Hydroxyapatite (HA) which is a major mineral component of vertebrate bones and teeth is an excellent material for these purposes.

In this literature review the biologically inspired scaffolds, bone substitutes, implants characterized by mechanical strength and biocompatibility, as well the drug delivery systems, based on hydroxyapatite are discussed.

当前需要具有生物相容性，生物活性和机械特性，且没有免疫排斥作用的持久植入物和骨替代物，这对科学家来说是一个巨大的挑战。这些骨替代结构应为个体患者准备，所有细节都控制在微米级别。类似地，非常感兴趣的是无毒的，生物相容的靶向药物递送系统，其允许控制药物递送的速率和时间段并同时消除对健康组织的毒性和副作用。

已经进行了广泛的尝试以开发一种简单，有效和绿色的方法来形成具有上述显着的生物相容性，生物活性和机械强度的生物功能支架和植入物涂层。而且，这也可以用作药物输送系统。羟基磷灰石（HA）是脊椎动物骨骼和牙齿的主要矿物成分，是用于这些目的的出色材料。

在该文献综述中，讨论了基于羟基磷灰石的受生物启发的支架，骨替代物，以机械强度和生物相容性为特征的植入物以及药物递送系统。