This review summarizes how fatty acid (FA) oxidation is regulated in skeletal muscle during exercise. From the available evidence it seems that acetyl-CoA availability in the mitochondrial matrix adjusts FA oxidation to exercise intensity and duration. This is executed at the step of mitochondrial fatty acyl import, as the extent of acetyl group sequestration by carnitine determines the availability of carnitine for the carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) reaction. The rate of glycolysis seems therefore to be central to the amount of β-oxidation-derived acetyl-CoA that is oxidized in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. FA oxidation during exercise is also determined by FA availability to mitochondria, dependent on trans-sarcolemmal FA uptake via cluster of differentiation 36/SR-B2 (CD36) and FAs mobilized from myocellular lipid droplets.

中文翻译：

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有氧运动中骨骼肌脂肪酸氧化的分子调控

本综述总结了运动过程中骨骼肌中脂肪酸 (FA) 氧化是如何调节的。从现有证据来看，线粒体基质中乙酰辅酶 A 的可用性似乎可以根据运动强度和持续时间调整 FA 氧化。这是在线粒体脂肪酰基导入的步骤中执行的，因为肉碱对乙酰基的螯合程度决定了肉碱棕榈酰转移酶 1 (CPT1) 反应的肉碱可用性。因此，糖酵解的速率似乎是在三羧酸 (TCA) 循环中氧化的 β-氧化衍生乙酰辅酶 A 量的核心。运动期间的 FA 氧化也取决于线粒体的 FA 可用性，这取决于通过分化簇 36/SR-B2 (CD36) 和从肌细胞脂滴动员的 FA 对跨肌膜 FA 的摄取。