Imaging the structure of molecules in transient-excited states remains a challenge due to the extreme requirements for spatial and temporal resolution. Ultrafast electron diffraction from aligned molecules provides atomic resolution and allows for the retrieval of structural information without the need to rely on theoretical models. Here we use ultrafast electron diffraction from aligned molecules and femtosecond laser mass spectrometry to investigate the dynamics in carbon disulfide following the interaction with an intense femtosecond laser pulse. We observe that the degree of alignment reaches an upper limit at laser intensities below the ionization threshold, and find evidence of structural deformation, dissociation and ionization at higher laser intensities.

中文翻译：

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使用超快电子衍射对二硫化碳分子的排列和结构变化进行成像。

由于对空间和时间分辨率的极端要求，对处于瞬态激发态的分子结构进行成像仍然是一个挑战。来自对准分子的超快电子衍射可提供原子分辨率，并允许检索结构信息，而无需依赖理论模型。在这里，我们使用来自对准分子的超快速电子衍射和飞秒激光质谱技术来研究与强飞秒激光脉冲相互作用后的二硫化碳动力学。我们观察到对准程度在低于电离阈值的激光强度下达到上限，并发现在较高激光强度下结构变形，离解和电离的证据。