A metal-free and flexible supercapacitor based on redox-active lignosulfonate functionalized graphene hydrogels,Journal of Materials Chemistry A

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A metal-free and flexible supercapacitor based on redox-active lignosulfonate functionalized graphene hydrogels
Journal of Materials Chemistry A ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-07-10 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7ta03789a
Fengfeng Li _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Xiluan Wang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Runcang Sun _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Emerging flexible supercapacitors have motivated tremendous research interest in portable energy devices. However, challenges still exist in the pursuit of cheap and renewable electrode materials. Herein, a metal-free and flexible supercapacitor was fabricated based on lignosulfonate functionalized graphene hydrogels (LS-GHs). The supercapacitor shows comparable or even higher performance than reported transition metal based pseudocapacitive supercapacitors, which can be attributed to the reversible redox charge transfer of quinone groups in lignin. It presents an impressive specific capacitance of 432 F g⁻¹ in an aqueous electrolyte, which is nearly 2 times higher than that of a pure graphene hydrogel (238 F g⁻¹). Moreover, the device exhibits high rate capability (81.0% capacitance retention at 20 A g⁻¹) and cycling stability (90.0% capacitance retention over 10 000 cycles). The resulting LS-GH electrodes are further fabricated into a flexible solid-state supercapacitor using H₂SO₄–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel as the electrolyte. The integrated flexible device not only maintains high capacitive performances (408 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹, 75.4% capacitance retention at 20 A g⁻¹ and 84.0% capacitance retention over 10 000 cycles), but also exhibits excellent mechanical flexibility. This work paves the way to develop flexible energy devices based on metal-free, renewable and low-cost biomass resources.

中文翻译：

基于氧化还原活性木质素磺酸盐官能化石墨烯水凝胶的无金属柔性超级电容器

新兴的柔性超级电容器引起了人们对便携式能源设备的巨大研究兴趣。然而，在追求廉价和可再生电极材料方面仍然存在挑战。在此，基于木质素磺酸盐官能化的石墨烯水凝胶（LS-GHs）制备了无金属且柔性的超级电容器。与报道的基于过渡金属的伪电容超级电容器相比，该超级电容器具有可比甚至更高的性能，这可以归因于木质素中醌基团的可逆氧化还原电荷转移。它在水性电解质中具有432 F g ^-1的惊人比电容，几乎是纯石墨烯水凝胶（238 F g ^-1）的2倍）。此外，该器件展现出高倍率能力（在20 A g ^-1下为81.0％的电容保持）和循环稳定性（在10 000次循环中为90.0％的电容保持）。使用H ₂ SO _4-聚乙烯醇（PVA）凝胶作为电解质，将得到的LS-GH电极进一步制成柔性的固态超级电容器。集成的柔性设备不仅保持了高电容性能（在1 A g ^-1时为408 F g ^-1，在20 A g ^-1时保持了75.4％的电容）和在10 000次循环中84.0％的电容保持率），而且还具有出色的机械柔韧性。这项工作为开发基于无金属，可再生和低成本生物质资源的灵活能源装置铺平了道路。

更新日期：2017-10-10

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