爱尔兰大陆架海洋沉积物和底水中微塑料的沉积和积累。,Scientific Reports

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爱尔兰大陆架海洋沉积物和底水中微塑料的沉积和积累。
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-Sep-07 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11079-2
Jake Martin ₁ , Amy Lusher ₁ , Richard C Thompson ₂ , Audrey Morley ₁

Affiliation

微塑料广泛分布在整个海洋环境中。了解这种形式的污染的分布和积累对于衡量环境风险至关重要。这里展示的是爱尔兰大陆架沉积物中尺寸范围为 5 毫米至 250 微米的塑料污染的第一份记录。使用箱芯从 11 个站中的 10 个中回收了 62 种微塑料。97% 的回收微塑料存在于 2.5 厘米沉积深度以下，其中微塑料浓度最高的区域是水-沉积物界面和沉积物顶部 0.5 厘米 (66%)。未发现深度超过 3.5 ± 0.5 厘米的微塑料。这些发现表明，微塑料污染在爱尔兰西部大陆架的表层沉积物和底层水中普遍存在。结果强调，岩心需要至少 4-5 厘米深才能量化海洋沉积物中微塑料的存量。所有回收的微塑料都被归类为二次微塑料，因为它们似乎是较大物品的残留物；纤维是微塑料污染的主要形式（85%），其次是破碎碎片（15%）。回收的聚合物类型、颜色和物理形态的范围表明其来源多种多样。需要进一步的研究来了解影响微塑料运输、沉积、再悬浮以及随后与生物群相互作用的机制。

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The Deposition and Accumulation of Microplastics in Marine Sediments and Bottom Water from the Irish Continental Shelf.

Microplastics are widely dispersed throughout the marine environment. An understanding of the distribution and accumulation of this form of pollution is crucial for gauging environmental risk. Presented here is the first record of plastic contamination, in the 5 mm-250 μm size range, of Irish continental shelf sediments. Sixty-two microplastics were recovered from 10 of 11 stations using box cores. 97% of recovered microplastics were found to reside shallower than 2.5 cm sediment depth, with the area of highest microplastic concentration being the water-sediment interface and top 0.5 cm of sediments (66%). Microplastics were not found deeper than 3.5 ± 0.5 cm. These findings demonstrate that microplastic contamination is ubiquitous within superficial sediments and bottom water along the western Irish continental shelf. Results highlight that cores need to be at least 4-5 cm deep to quantify the standing stock of microplastics within marine sediments. All recovered microplastics were classified as secondary microplastics as they appear to be remnants of larger items; fibres being the principal form of microplastic pollution (85%), followed by broken fragments (15%). The range of polymer types, colours and physical forms recovered suggests a variety of sources. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms influencing microplastic transport, deposition, resuspension and subsequent interactions with biota.

更新日期：2017-09-07

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