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Convenient and Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Oligopyridine Ligands Bearing Accessory Pyrromethene-BF2 Fluorophores
The Journal of Organic Chemistry ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2004-02-24 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/jo035825g
Gilles Ulrich 1 , Raymond Ziessel 1
Affiliation  

The synthesis of stable and highly luminescent pyridine-, bipyridine-, phenanthroline-, bipyrimidine-, and terpyridine-based ligands bearing one or two 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (bodipy) modules has demonstrated the advantages of three different protocols which have been adapted in light of the chemical stability of the alkyne-grafted starting building blocks and the chemical reactivity of the bromo-substituted starting materials. A classical method of condensation of aldehydes or acid chlorides with Kryptopyrrole has been used for direct linkage of a bodipy to the oligopyridinic platform. For the phenylethynyl-linked molecules, direct coupling between the bodipy-phenyliodo and the stable 4‘-ethynyl-2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘-terpyridine, 6,6‘ ‘-diethynyl-2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘-terpyridine, 5-ethynyl-2,2‘-bipyridine, 5,5‘-diethynyl-2,2‘-bipyridine, 6,6‘-diethynyl-2,2‘-bipyridine, and 5,5‘-diethynyl-2,2‘-bipyrimidine substrates is feasible and is promoted by Pd catalysts and sonication. This procedure provides the advantages of efficiency, versatility, and rapidity. A second set of experimental conditions is required to produce the 4-substituted pyridine, 3,8-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthroline, and 5,5‘ ‘-disubstituted-2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘-terpyridine derivatives. Cross coupling of a bodipy-phenylethynyl molecule with the bromo-substituted partners takes place smoothly with the pyridine but with low yields in the other cases due to the efficient formation of the homocoupled diphenylbutadiyne bodipy compounds. A third convenient protocol enabled the preparation of these target molecules in a one-pot reaction where the deprotection of the alkyne was conducted in situ by a phase-transfer process with aqueous NaOH and with Et3BnN+Cl- as mediator and the cross-coupling reaction realized in the benzene phase with [Pd(PPh3)4] as catalyst and CuI as co-reagent. The nascent acid was quenched in the aqueous phase. This method is much more efficient when a trimethylsilyl protecting group is used instead of a propargylic alcohol. The pyridino-bodipy bases were alkylated smoothly in good yields in the presence of methyl iodide. The photophysical and electrochemical properties for these new molecules have been investigated and are discussed in terms of substitution patterns of the bipyridine and terpyridine platforms. In the pyridinium salt 18, the fluorescence from the first singlet excited state at λem = 547 nm is totally quenched at the expense of a low-lying charge-transfer emitting state located at λem = 660 nm.

中文翻译:

方便高效地合成带有附件吡咯二烯-BF 2荧光团的功能化寡聚吡啶配体

具有一个或两个4,4-二氟-4-硼3a,4a-二氮杂s基的稳定且高发光的吡啶-,联吡啶-,菲咯啉-,联吡啶和三联吡啶的配体的合成-茚并二烯(bodipy)模块已经证明了三种不同方案的优点,这些方案已根据炔烃接枝的起始构件的化学稳定性和溴取代的起始原料的化学反应性进行了调整。醛或酰氯与K吡咯的缩合的经典方法已用于将联苯吡啶直接连接至寡吡啶吡啶平台。对于苯基乙炔基连接的分子,bodipy-苯基碘与稳定的4'-乙炔基-2,2':6',2'-叔吡啶,6,6''-二乙炔基-2,2':6之间直接偶联′,2′′-联吡啶,5-乙炔基-2,2′-联吡啶,5,5′-二乙炔基-2,2′-联吡啶,6,6′-二乙炔基-2,2′-联吡啶和5, 5'-二乙炔基-2,2'-联嘧啶底物是可行的,并通过Pd催化剂和超声处理得到促进。该过程提供了效率,多功能性和快速性的优点。需要第二组实验条件以产生4-取代的吡啶,3,8-二取代的-1,10-菲咯啉和5,5''-二取代的2,2':6',2''-叔吡啶衍生品。联吡啶-苯基乙炔基分子与溴取代的配偶的交叉偶联在吡啶中平稳进行,但在其他情况下,由于有效地形成了均相偶联的二苯基丁二炔联吡啶化合物,因此收率低。第三种方便的方案使得能够在一锅反应中制备这些目标分子,在该反应中,炔烃的脱保护作用是通过使用NaOH水溶液和Et的相转移过程原位进行的。需要第二组实验条件以产生4-取代的吡啶,3,8-二取代的-1,10-菲咯啉和5,5''-二取代的2,2':6',2''-叔吡啶衍生品。联吡啶-苯基乙炔基分子与溴取代的配偶的交叉偶联在吡啶中平稳进行,但在其他情况下,由于有效地形成了均相偶联的二苯基丁二炔联吡啶化合物,因此收率低。第三种方便的方案使得能够在一锅反应中制备这些目标分子,在该反应中,炔烃的脱保护作用是通过使用NaOH水溶液和Et的相转移过程原位进行的。需要第二组实验条件以产生4-取代的吡啶,3,8-二取代的-1,10-菲咯啉和5,5''-二取代的2,2':6',2''-叔吡啶衍生品。联吡啶-苯基乙炔基分子与溴取代的配偶的交叉偶联在吡啶中平稳进行,但在其他情况下,由于有效地形成了均相偶联的二苯基丁二炔联吡啶化合物,因此收率低。第三种方便的方案使得能够在一锅反应中制备这些目标分子,在该反应中,炔烃的脱保护作用是通过使用NaOH水溶液和Et的相转移过程原位进行的。联吡啶-苯基乙炔基分子与溴取代的配偶的交叉偶联在吡啶中平稳进行,但在其他情况下,由于有效地形成了均相偶联的二苯基丁二炔联吡啶化合物,因此收率低。第三种方便的方案使得能够在一锅反应中制备这些目标分子,在该反应中,炔烃的脱保护作用是通过使用NaOH水溶液和Et的相转移过程原位进行的。联吡啶-苯基乙炔基分子与溴取代的配偶的交叉偶联在吡啶中平稳进行,但在其他情况下,由于有效地形成了均相偶联的二苯基丁二炔联吡啶化合物,因此收率低。第三种方便的方案使得能够在一锅反应中制备这些目标分子,在该反应中,炔烃的脱保护作用是通过使用NaOH水溶液和Et的相转移过程原位进行的。3 BNN +-作为介体,并与[的Pd(PPh苯相实现了交叉耦合反应34 ]作为催化剂和CuI作为共反应物。将新生酸在水相中淬灭。当使用三甲基甲硅烷基保护基代替炔丙醇时,该方法更加有效。在甲基碘的存在下,吡啶基-双吡啶基被平滑地烷基化,收率很高。已经研究了这些新分子的光物理和电化学性质,并根据联吡啶和三联吡啶平台的取代方式进行了讨论。在吡啶鎓盐18中,来自在λem处的第一单重态激发态的荧光λ= 547 nm被完全淬灭,代价是位于λem = 660 nm处的低位电荷转移发射态。
更新日期:2004-02-24
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