Biomass torrefaction in various reactors has been extensively studied lately. Different from past studies, torrefaction of raw bamboo (Phyllostachys mankinoi) in a high gravity (Higee) environment is investigated where a rotating packed bed (RPB) for intensifying heat and mass transfer between gas and solid is used for the process. Three rotating speeds of 0, 900, and 1800 rpm, corresponding to the mean centrifugal forces of 0, 58, and 234 g, are taken into account. The results suggest that the Higee environments intensify the torrefaction performance drastically when the operations of light (206 °C) and mild (255 °C) torrefaction are practiced, stemming from the enhancement of heat and mass transfer in the rotating bed. In contrast, the torrefaction performance is affected slightly by the rotating speed when severe torrefaction (300 °C) is carried out. With the torrefaction conditions of 300 °C and 1800 rpm, the highest HHV (28.389 MJ/kg) with an HHV enhancement factor (EF) of 1.61 is obtained, yielding a coal-like fuel, and the energy yield is 63.51%. The torrefaction operation at 255 °C and 1800 rpm for 30 min upgrades the EF (1.53), HHV (26.988 MJ/kg), and energy yield (65.21%) values of the bamboo, which are close to those of the torrefied biomass under the most severe torrefaction conditions, and is thus recommended. The results suggested that torrefaction in a Higee environment is a promising process for upgrading biomass to produce carbon-neutral fuel utilized in industry.

中文翻译：

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使用旋转填充床在高重力（近红外）环境中进行竹制烘烤

最近已经对各种反应器中的生物质焙烧进行了广泛的研究。与以往的研究不同，生竹的烘烤（Phyllostachys mankinoi）在高重力（Higee）环境中进行了研究，其中使用旋转填充床（RPB）来增强气体和固体之间的热量和质量传递。考虑到分别为0、58和234 g的平均离心力的三个转速，分别为0、900和1800 rpm。结果表明，Higee环境在进行轻度（206°C）和温和（255°C）焙烧操作时会大大增强焙烧性能，这是由于旋转床中传热和传质的增强所致。相反，当进行严格的焙烧（300℃）时，焙干性能受到转速的轻微影响。在300°C和1800 rpm的烘烤条件下，可获得HHV增强因子（EF）为1.61的最高HHV（28.389 MJ / kg），产生类似煤的燃料，能量产率为63.51％。在255°C和1800 rpm的条件下进行30分钟的烘焙，可以提高竹子的EF（1.53），HHV（26.988 MJ / kg）和能量产率（65.21％）的值，与在以下条件下经过烘焙的生物质相近最苛刻的烘烤条件，因此建议使用。结果表明，在Higee环境中进行烘焙是一种有前途的过程，可用于升级生物质以生产工业中使用的碳中性燃料。