Abstract Heteroatom-doped porous carbons have currently been regarded as the promising materials for supercapacitors because of their outstanding contributions in Faradaic capacitance and electrolyte accessibility. In the present study, O/N co-doped porous carbons have been prepared by carbonization of ammonium citrate single precursor followed by KOH activation. The as-synthesized carbon (ACA-800) has a finely-layered schistose architecture together with a high surface O and N-containing functionalities (6.82 at.% O and 1.37 at.% N), a high micropore surface area (1522 m2 g−1) and a balanced mesopore surface area (1138 m2 g−1). Due to their synergistic effects, the ACA-800 electrode displays high-rate capacitive performance with specific capacitance of 297 F g−1 at 100 A g−1, at least 85% of its capacitance (349 F g−1) at 1 A g−1. Moreover, symmetric supercapacitor assembled with such ACA-800 exhibits high energy density of 25.5 W h kg−1 at 923 W kg−1 as well as excellent cycling stability (only 4% of capacitance loss after 10000 cycles with a cell voltage of 1.8 V at a current load of 2 A g−1). Considering the global abundance and low price of ammonium citrate, it can serve as a novel precursor for the mass production of O/N-enriched porous carbons for advanced supercapacitors.

中文翻译：

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用于高性能超级电容器的具有精细层状片状结构的氧和氮共掺杂多孔碳

摘要 杂原子掺杂的多孔碳由于其在法拉第电容和电解质可及性方面的杰出贡献，目前被认为是超级电容器的有前途的材料。在本研究中，O/N 共掺杂多孔碳是通过将柠檬酸铵单一前驱体碳化然后 KOH 活化来制备的。合成后的碳 (ACA-800) 具有精细分层的片状结构，以及高表面含氧和含氮的官能度（6.82 at.% O 和 1.37 at.% N）、高微孔表面积（1522 m2 g-1) 和平衡的中孔表面积 (1138 m2 g-1)。由于它们的协同效应，ACA-800 电极显示出高倍率电容性能，在 100 A g-1 时的比电容为 297 F g-1，在 1 A 时至少是其电容 (349 F g-1) 的 85% g-1。而且，用这种 ACA-800 组装的对称超级电容器在 923 W kg-1 时表现出 25.5 W h kg-1 的高能量密度以及出色的循环稳定性（在 1.8 V 的电池电压下，10000 次循环后电容损失仅为 4% 2 A g-1) 的电流负载。考虑到柠檬酸铵在全球范围内的丰富性和低廉的价格，它可以作为一种新型前驱体，用于大规模生产用于高级超级电容器的富含 O/N 的多孔碳。