Ladder-type oligo(p-phenylene)s with D–π–A architectures: design, synthesis, optical gain properties, and stabilized amplified spontaneous emission,Journal of Materials Chemistry C

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Ladder-type oligo(p-phenylene)s with D–π–A architectures: design, synthesis, optical gain properties, and stabilized amplified spontaneous emission
Journal of Materials Chemistry C ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-04-13 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7tc00185a
Mei Fang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Jinjin Huang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Si-Ju Chang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Yi Jiang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Wen-Yong Lai _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Wei Huang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

A novel family of rigid ladder-type oligo(p-phenylene)s with donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) architectures (n)L-F/(n)L-Ph-F (n = 2–4) end-capped with diphenylamino and fluorophenyl/fluorine units have been designed, synthesized and explored as gain media for organic lasers. The resulting materials demonstrated excellent thermal stability with a high degradation temperature (T_d) over 400 °C. The extension of the π-conjugated bridge length between the donor and acceptor units successfully depressed the crystallization tendency of oligo(p-phenylene)s, resulting in enhanced glassy temperature (T_g) and improved morphological stability in neat films. The amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold (E_th) decreases with an extension in the conjugation length of the oligo(p-phenylene)s. In particular, for 4L-Ph-F with the longest conjugation length, the ASE threshold is determined to be as low as 1.97 μJ cm⁻² with a high net gain coefficient over 90 cm⁻¹ and a rather low loss coefficient of α = 2.0 cm⁻¹. One dimensional distributed feedback (1D DFB) lasers demonstrated lasing thresholds of 5.3 nJ pulse⁻¹ (0.44 kW cm⁻², 2.2 μJ cm⁻²) and 1.3 nJ pulse⁻¹ (0.1 kW cm⁻², 0.5 μJ cm⁻²) for 4L-F (at 460 nm) and 4L-Ph-F lasers (at 471 nm), respectively. It should be noted that the E_th value of all the ladder-type samples (n)L-Ph-F (n = 2–4) remains almost the same upon increasing the annealing temperature even up to 220 °C. The high gain and low loss with excellent thermal and optical stability have rendered these rigid D–π–A ladder-type materials advantageous as robust gain media for organic lasers.

中文翻译：

具有D–π–A结构的梯型低聚对苯二酚：设计，合成，光学增益特性和稳定的放大自发发射

具有供体-π-受体（D-π-A）结构（n）LF /（n）L-Ph-F（n = 2-4）末端的刚性梯型低聚对苯二酚的新家族已经设计，合成并探索了用二苯氨基和氟苯基/氟单元封端的有机激光器作为增益介质。所得材料显示出优异的热稳定性，并在超过400°C的高温下具有较高的降解温度（T _d）。供体和受体单元之间π共轭桥长度的延长成功地抑制了低聚对苯撑的结晶趋势，从而导致玻璃化温度升高（T _g），并改善了纯净薄膜的形态稳定性。随着寡聚（对亚苯基）s的共轭长度的延长，放大的自发发射（ASE）阈值（E _th）降低。特别是，对于具有最长共轭长度的4L-Ph-F，ASE阈值被确定为低至1.97μJcm ^-2，并且净增益系数大于90 cm ^-1，而损耗系数相当低，α = 2.0厘米^-1。一个维分布反馈（1D DFB）激光器证明激射5.3毫微焦耳脉冲的阈值^-1（0.44千瓦厘米^-2，2.2μJ厘米^-2）和1.3毫微焦耳脉冲^-1（0.1千瓦厘米^-2，0.5μJ厘米^-2）为4L-F （在460nm）和4L-PH-F分别激光器（在471纳米）。应该注意的是，即使将退火温度提高到220°C，所有梯形样品（ n）L-Ph-F（ n = 2-4）的E _th值也几乎保持不变。高增益和低损耗以及出色的热稳定性和光学稳定性使这些刚性D–π–A梯形材料成为有机激光器的稳健增益介质。

更新日期：2017-06-16

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