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Procyanidolic oligomers enhance photodegradation of chlorothalonil in water via reductive dechlorination
Applied Catalysis B: Environment and Energy ( IF 20.2 ) Pub Date : 2017-05-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.05.065
Pei Lv , Jun Zhang , Taozhong Shi , Leilei Dai , Xiangqiong Li , Xiangwei Wu , Xuede Li , Jun Tang , Yi Wang , Qing X. Li , Rimao Hua

Chlorothalonil is an important broad-spectrum fungicide with an annual application rate of above ten thousands of tons of its active ingredient on agricultural crops world-wide. The effect of procyanidolic oligomers on photo degradation of chlorothalonil was investigated under sunlight and artificial lights. Procyanidolic oligomers enhanced photodegradation of chlorothalonil in paddy, reservoir, pond and distilled waters for 1.8, 4.6, 2.7 and 22.8 fold, respectively, relative to the procyanidolic oligomers free control. The mechanism was evidenced as a radical reduction reaction by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Upon exposure to high-pressure mercury light, chlorothalonil produced 2,4,5-trichloro-1,3-dicyanobenzene, 2,5-dichloro-1,3-dicyanobenzene and 5-chloro-1,3-dicyanobenzene that were isolated, identified and characterized. Chlorothalonil underwent primarily step-wide photo reductive dechlorination in the presence of procyanidolic oligomers, which avoided the production of the highly toxic 4-hydroxy chlorothalonil. Procyanidolic oligomers possessed strong reductive property to photo reductive dechlorination. The results contributed to understanding of chlorothalonil phototransformation and high potential of using natural product procyanidolic oligomers as an additive to minimize aquatic toxicity and pollution of chlorothalonil.



中文翻译:

原氰基低聚物通过还原性脱氯促进水中百菌清的光降解

氯噻酮是一种重要的广谱杀菌剂,每年在全球范围内的农作物中的有效成分的使用量超过一万吨。在阳光和人造光下,研究了原氰基低聚物对百菌清光降解的影响。原花青素低聚物相对于无原花青素低聚物,分别提高稻田,水库,池塘和蒸馏水中百菌清的光降解能力,分别为稻草,水库,池塘和蒸馏水中的1.8倍,4.6倍,2.7倍和22.8倍。该机理通过电子顺磁共振波谱证实为自由基还原反应。百菌清在高压汞灯照射下生成了2,4,5-三氯-1,3-二氰基苯,2,5-二氯-1,3-二氰基苯和5-氯-1,3-二氰基苯,确定和表征。在原花青素低聚物的存在下,氯噻酮主要进行了一步全步光还原脱氯,从而避免了剧毒的4-羟基百菌清的产生。原氰基低聚物对光还原脱氯具有很强的还原性能。这些结果有助于人们理解百菌清的光转化作用,以及使用天然产物原氰基低聚物作为添加剂以最大程度降低水生毒性和百菌清污染的潜力。

更新日期:2017-05-25
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