3β-羟类固醇脱氢酶表达的调节。,Steroids

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3β-羟类固醇脱氢酶表达的调节。
Steroids ( IF 2.136 ) Pub Date : 1997 Jan
Mason, J I, Keeney, D S, Bird, I M, Rainey, W E, Morohashi, K, Leers-Sucheta, S, Melner, M H

3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶δ5-> 4-异构酶（3β-HSD）催化由δ5-3β-羟基类固醇形成δ4-3-酮类固醇，这不仅是雄激素和雌激素的生物合成中的一个必不可少的步骤。而且还有盐皮质激素和糖皮质激素。该酶在性腺的肾上腺皮质和类固醇生成细胞中表达，与此作用一致。但是，3β-HSD也可以在许多其他组织中表达，例如肝脏和肾脏，其功能尚不完全清楚。已经确定，密切相关的基因家族编码3β-HSD。各种3β-HSD亚型以涉及不同调节机制的组织特异性方式表达。人类I 3β-HSD在合胞体滋养细胞和皮脂腺中高水平表达，II型同工型几乎只在肾上腺皮质和性腺中表达。肝脏和肾脏（至少是仓鼠，小鼠，兔子和大鼠）的重要特征是3 beta-HSD表达的性二态性。我们简要回顾了人类滋养细胞和肾上腺皮质中人类3β-HSDI和II基因调控的研究，并将其扩展为讨论在肾上腺和性腺中表达的大鼠3β-HSDI基因。通过作用于一个酶的多基因家族的多个信号途径的3 beta-HSD表达的复杂性可能对类固醇激素生物合成的不同模式和位置起重要作用。和大鼠）是3β-HSD表达的性二态性。我们简要回顾了人类滋养细胞和肾上腺皮质中人类3β-HSDI和II基因调控的研究，并将其扩展为讨论在肾上腺和性腺中表达的大鼠3β-HSDI基因。通过作用于一个酶的多基因家族的多个信号途径的3 beta-HSD表达的复杂性可能对类固醇激素生物合成的不同模式和位置起重要作用。和大鼠）是3β-HSD表达的性二态性。我们简要回顾了人类滋养细胞和肾上腺皮质中人类3β-HSDI和II基因调控的研究，并将其扩展为讨论在肾上腺和性腺中表达的大鼠3β-HSDI基因。通过作用于一个酶的多基因家族的多个信号途径的3 beta-HSD表达的复杂性可能对类固醇激素生物合成的不同模式和位置起重要作用。

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The regulation of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase expression.

3 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenasel delta 5-->4-isomerase (3 beta-HSD) catalyzes the formation of delta 4-3-ketosteroids from delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroids, an obligate step in the biosynthesis not only of androgens and estrogens but also of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. The enzyme is expressed in the adrenal cortex and in steroidogenic cells of the gonads, consistent with this role. However, 3 beta-HSD is also expressed in many other tissues, such as the liver and kidney, where its function is not entirely clear. It is established that a family of closely related genes encode for 3 beta-HSD. The various 3 beta-HSD isoforms are expressed in a tissue-specific manner involving separate mechanisms of regulation. The human type I 3 beta-HSD is expressed at high levels in syncytial trophoblast and in sebaceous glands, and the type II isoform is almost exclusively expressed in the adrenal cortex and gonads. An important feature in liver and kidney (at least of hamster, mouse, rabbit, and rat) is the sexual dimorphic nature of 3 beta-HSD expression. We briefly review studies on the regulation of the human 3 beta-HSD I and II genes in human trophoblast and adrenal cortex and extend this to discuss the rat 3 beta-HSD I gene expressed in adrenals and gonads. The complexity of 3 beta-HSD expression through multiple signaling pathways acting on a multigene family of enzymes may contribute importantly to the diverse patterns and locations of steroid hormone biosynthesis.

更新日期：2017-01-31

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