Single crystals of methylammonium lead trihalide perovskites (MAPbX3; MA = CH3NH3(+), X = Br(-) or I(-)) have shown remarkably low trap density and charge transport properties; however, growth of such high-quality semiconductors is a time-consuming process. Here we present a rapid crystal growth process to obtain MAPbX3 single crystals, an order of magnitude faster than previous reports. The process is based on our observation of the substantial decrease of MAPbX3 solubility, in certain solvents, at elevated temperatures. The crystals can be both size- and shape-controlled by manipulating the different crystallization parameters. Despite the rapidity of the method, the grown crystals exhibit transport properties and trap densities comparable to the highest quality MAPbX3 reported to date. The phenomenon of inverse or retrograde solubility and its correlated inverse temperature crystallization strategy present a major step forward for advancing the field on perovskite crystallization.

中文翻译：

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通过逆温度结晶在几分钟内即可获得高质量的块状钙钛矿杂化单晶。

甲基铵三卤化铅钙钛矿（MAPbX3； MA = CH3NH3（+），X = Br（-）或I（-））的单晶显示出极低的陷阱密度和电荷传输性能；然而，这种高质量半导体的生长是一个耗时的过程。在这里，我们提出了一种快速的晶体生长过程，以获得MAPbX3单晶，比以前的报道快了一个数量级。该过程基于我们在高温下在某些溶剂中MAPbX3溶解度显着降低的观察结果。通过操纵不同的结晶参数，可以控制晶体的大小和形状。尽管该方法迅速，但生长的晶体仍具有与迄今报道的最高质量的MAPbX3相当的传输性能和陷阱密度。