Chiral Superstructure Mesophases of Achiral Bent-Shaped Molecules – Hierarchical Chirality Amplification and Physical Properties,Advanced Materials

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Chiral Superstructure Mesophases of Achiral Bent-Shaped Molecules – Hierarchical Chirality Amplification and Physical Properties
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2016-12-14 08:10:46 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602737
Khoa V. Le _{1,

2} , Hideo Takezoe ₃ , Fumito Araoka ₂

Affiliation

Chiral mesophases in achiral bent-shaped molecules have attracted particular attention since their discovery in the middle 1990s, not only because of their homochirality and polarity, but also due to their unique physical/physicochemical properties. Here, the most intriguing results in the studies of such symmetry-broken states, mainly helical-nanofilament (HNF) and dark-conglomerate (DC) phases, are reviewed. Firstly, basic information on the typical appearance and optical activity in these phases is introduced. In the following section, the formation of mesoscopic chiral superstructures in the HNF and DC phases is discussed in terms of hierarchical chirality. Nanoscale phase segregation in mixture systems and gelation ability in the HNF phase are also described. In addition, some other related chiral phases of bent-shaped molecules are shown. Recent attempts to control such mesoscopic chiral structure and the alignment/confinement of HNFs are also discussed, along with several examples of their fascinating advanced physical properties, i.e. huge enhancement of circular dichroism, electro- and photo-tunable optical activities, chirality-induced nonlinear optics (second-harmonic-generation circular difference and electrogyration effect), enhanced hydrophobicity through the dual-scale surface morphological modulation, and photoconductivity in the HNF/fullerene binary system. Future prospects from basic science and application viewpoints are also indicated in the concluding section.

中文翻译：

手性弯曲分子的手性上层中间相–分层手性放大和物理性质

自1990年代中期发现以来，非手性弯曲形分子中的手性中间相不仅受到同质性和极性的影响，而且还由于其独特的物理/理化性质而引起了人们的特别关注。在这里，对这种对称断裂状态的研究中最有趣的结果进行了综述，这些状态主要是螺旋纳米丝（HNF）和深色砾岩（DC）相。首先，介绍了这些阶段的典型外观和光学活性的基本信息。在以下部分中，将根据分层手性讨论在HNF和DC相中介观手性超结构的形成。还描述了混合体系中的纳米级相分离和HNF相的胶凝能力。另外，显示了弯曲形状分子的一些其他相关的手性相。还讨论了控制这种介观手性结构和HNF的排列/约束的最新尝试，以及它们令人着迷的先进物理特性的几个示例，例如，极大地增强了圆二色性，电和光可调的光学活性，手性诱导的非线性光学（二次谐波产生的圆差和电旋转效应），通过双尺度表面形态调制增强的疏水性以及HNF /富勒烯二元体系中的光电导性。结论部分还指出了从基础科学和应用角度看的未来前景。极大地增强了圆二色性，电和光可调的光学活性，手性诱导的非线性光学（二次谐波产生的圆差和电旋转效应），通过双尺度表面形态调制增强了疏水性以及HNF /中的光电导性富勒烯二元体系。结论部分还指出了从基础科学和应用角度看的未来前景。极大地增强了圆二色性，电和光可调的光学活性，手性诱导的非线性光学（二次谐波产生的圆差和电旋转效应），通过双尺度表面形态调制增强了疏水性以及HNF /中的光电导性富勒烯二元体系。结论部分还指出了从基础科学和应用角度看的未来前景。

更新日期：2016-12-15

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