Spatiotemporal translation of sperm acrosome associated proteins during early capacitation modulates sperm fertilizing ability,Journal of Advanced Research

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Spatiotemporal translation of sperm acrosome associated proteins during early capacitation modulates sperm fertilizing ability
Journal of Advanced Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2025-03-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.03.035
Yoo-Jin Park ₁ , Won-Ki Pang ₁ , Do-Yeal Ryu ₁ , Md Saidur Rahman ₁ , Myung-Geol Pang ₁

Affiliation

Introduction

Despite the lack of essential cytoplasmic organelles in mature spermatozoa, which creates unfavorable conditions for transcription and translation, the presence of various mRNA and proteins during capacitation suggests potential for de novo protein synthesis.

Objectives

We applied a metabolic labeling method using a fluorescent noncanonical amino acid tagging system (FUNCAT) and proximity ligation method (PLA) in normal and reduced fertility spermatozoa to detect different translation phenomena during sperm capacitation according to their fertility.

Methods

We explored different proteome changes in spermatozoa according to the time-sequential capacitation process (0, 20, 40, 60, and 120 min) between normal [average fertility rate (FR) = 77.44 % ± 1.51] and reduced fertility (average FR = 58.57 % ± 1.64) spermatozoa bull spermatozoa, as the representative male fertility models owing to their broad spectrum of fertility phenotypes. Moreover, the FUNCAT/PLA method was used to detect and visualize different translation phenomena during sperm capacitation according to fertility.

Results

We found that sperm-associated protein (SPACA) 1 and SPACA5 were newly synthesized in the head of normal-fertility spermatozoa, whereas a lack of newly synthesized proteins in the head and a relatively earlier loss of SPACA1 and SPACA5 were observed in the reduced-fertility spermatozoa. Moreover, the mitochondrial translation inhibitor, chloramphenicol, partially inhibited sperm translation and delayed translocation, suggesting that mitochondria participate in sperm translation.

Conclusion

Our results unveil time-sequential microenvironmental changes in sperm proteomes during capacitation, which lead to the orchestra of proteins that complete fertilization. Fertile spermatozoa are selected through inter-competition during the journey of fertilization in the female reproductive tract. This study provides an overview of how translation dynamics acts on the sperm selection and influence the evolution of sperm fertility.

中文翻译：

在获能早期过程中精子顶体相关蛋白的时空翻译调节精子受精能力

介绍

尽管成熟精子中缺乏必需的细胞质细胞器，这为转录和翻译创造了不利的条件，但在获能过程中各种 mRNA 和蛋白质的存在表明有可能从头合成蛋白质。

目标

我们在正常和生育能力降低的精子中使用荧光非经典氨基酸标记系统（FUNCAT）和邻位连接法（PLA）应用代谢标记方法，根据精子的生育能力检测精子获能过程中的不同翻译现象。

方法

我们根据正常 [平均生育率（FR） = 77.44 % ± 1.51] 和生育能力降低（平均 FR = 58.57 % ± 1.64）精子作为代表性男性生育模型的时间顺序获能过程（0、20、40、60 和 120 min）探索了精子的不同蛋白质组变化公牛精子，由于其广泛的生育表型，作为代表性的男性生育模型。此外，使用 FUNCAT/PLA 方法根据生育能力检测和可视化精子获能过程中的不同翻译现象。