The surface post-treatment of perovskite films is regarded as one of the most effective methods for enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and is essential for achieving high-efficiency PSCs. However, a universal strategy for surface post-treatment that accommodates different A-site components and various bandgaps of perovskites has often been overlooked. In this study, we propose a universal strategy that simultaneously applies phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr) and 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (5ATT) to the top surface of perovskite films by a one-step spin-coating procedure. Both PEABr and 5ATT effectively passivate surface defects and improve interface contact. Additionally, 5ATT can infiltrate into the perovskite films longitudinally to passivate bulk defects, thereby achieving effective defects and interface management for reducing nonradiative recombination and extending carrier lifetimes. The optimized devices achieve a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.85% (FAMACsRb) compared to the control device, which has a PCE of 21.47%. The stability of the best-performing device is also enhanced, maintaining 89% of its initial PCE after tracking at the maximum power point (MPP) for 600 hours. Furthermore, this strategy is reliably adaptable to the perovskites with different A-site components (MA, FACs, FAMACs) and various bandgaps (1.68, 1.77 and 1.82 eV), achieving a champion PCE of 25.88% (certified at 25.44%) based on the FAMACs PSC. The approach demonstrated in this work exhibits universal applicability across various perovskites, making it an attractive and promising method for the fabrication of single or tandem PSCs.

中文翻译：

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缺陷和界面管理的通用策略可实现高效、稳定的倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池


钙钛矿薄膜的表面后处理被认为是提高钙钛矿太阳能电池 （PSC） 性能的最有效方法之一，对于实现高效 PSC 至关重要。然而，一种通用的表面后处理策略，即适应钙钛矿的不同 A 位点成分和各种带隙，经常被忽视。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种通用策略，通过一步旋涂程序同时将苯乙基溴化铵 （PEABr） 和 5-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫醇 （5ATT） 应用于钙钛矿薄膜的顶面。PEABr 和 5ATT 均可有效钝化表面缺陷并改善界面接触。此外，5ATT 可以纵向渗透到钙钛矿薄膜中以钝化本体缺陷，从而实现有效的缺陷和界面管理，以减少非辐射复合并延长载流子寿命。与控制器件的 PCE 相比，优化的器件实现了 24.85% （FAMACsRb） 的更高功率转换效率 （PCE），而控制器件的 PCE 为 21.47%。性能最佳的设备的稳定性也得到了增强，在最大功率点 （MPP） 跟踪 600 小时后，保持其 89% 的初始 PCE。此外，该策略可靠地适应具有不同 A 位点成分（MA、FAC、FAMAC）和各种带隙（1.68、1.77 和 1.82 eV）的钙钛矿，基于 FAMACs PSC，实现了 25.88% 的冠军 PCE（认证为 25.44%）。这项工作中展示的方法在各种钙钛矿中表现出普遍适用性，使其成为制造单个或串联 PSC 的有吸引力且有前途的方法。