Many scientists continue to conceive of object detection as occurring in stages that map onto levels in the visual hierarchy. This article reviews experiments suggesting that multiple interpretations and their semantics are activated at high levels before conscious object detection. That more than one interpretation is activated before object detection implies that ambiguity (and not just uncertainty) exists before conscious object detection. This is so even when displays seem unambiguous after detection. Converging evidence from a variety of methods indicates that inhibitory competition resolves the unconscious ambiguity. Experiments in my laboratory suggest that reentrant processes—both cortico-cortical and cortico-subcortical—determine conscious perception. I conclude that object detection entails global dynamic interactive Bayesian processes. Stage terminology is outdated.

中文翻译：

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对象检测中的歧义和重入处理


许多科学家继续认为对象检测发生在映射到视觉层次结构中的级别的阶段中。本文回顾了实验，这些实验表明，在有意识对象检测到之前，多重解释及其语义在高水平上被激活。在对象检测之前激活了不止一种解释，这意味着在有意识的对象检测之前就存在歧义（而不仅仅是不确定性）。即使检测后显示似乎明确，也是如此。来自各种方法的汇聚证据表明，抑制性竞争解决了无意识的歧义。我实验室的实验表明，折返过程——皮质-皮质和皮质-皮质下——决定了有意识的感知。我得出的结论是，对象检测需要全局动态交互式贝叶斯过程。阶段术语已过时。