Global warming has led to the accelerated melting of the Arctic ice, making the Northern Sea Route (NSR) an emerging maritime trade route connecting Asia and Europe. Many studies actively seek to capitalize on this new opportunity for shipping to promote the maritime industry's rapid development in various countries. However, few studies have applied a strategic systems perspective to examine the critical success factors that drive non-polar countries to use the NSR. This study integrates international relations theory, sustainable development theory, and resource base theory to establish a system of critical success factors that encourage non-polar countries to use the NSR, focusing on the Republic of Korea's shipping industry as an example. After reviewing the existing literature, we identified 20 key factors that influence the use of the NSR by the maritime industry of the Republic of Korea. We surveyed 16 maritime experts from different organizations in the Republic of Korea and used the Fuzzy-Decision Making Experiment and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) model to assess the interrelationships among these factors. A comprehensive analysis identifies international cooperation, compliance with international law, and participation in Arctic governance as the most critical success factors for the Republic of Korea in developing the NSR. This study expands the body of knowledge in NSR research. In addition, it provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for shipping companies and government agencies in non-polar countries to develop key strategies for utilizing the NSR.

中文翻译：

---

北海航线非极化利用的关键因素——韩国的观点


全球变暖导致北极冰层加速融化，使北海航线 （NSR） 成为连接亚洲和欧洲的新兴海上贸易路线。许多研究积极寻求利用航运业的这一新机会，以促进各国海运业的快速发展。然而，很少有研究从战略系统的角度来研究推动非极化国家使用 NSR 的关键成功因素。本研究整合了国际关系理论、可持续发展理论和资源基础理论，以韩国航运业为例，建立了一个鼓励非极化国家使用 NSR 的关键成功因素系统。在回顾了现有文献后，我们确定了影响韩国海运业使用 NSR 的 20 个关键因素。我们调查了来自韩国不同组织的 16 名海事专家，并使用模糊决策实验和评估实验室 （DEMATEL） 模型来评估这些因素之间的相互关系。一项全面的分析认为，国际合作、遵守国际法和参与北极治理是大韩民国开发 NSR 的最关键成功因素。本研究扩展了 NSR 研究的知识体系。此外，它还为非极地国家的航运公司和政府机构制定利用 NSR 的关键策略提供了理论基础和实践指导。