A growing need for high-energy-density lithium metal batteries appeal for utilize ultrathin (≤50 μm) free-standing Li metal anodes. However, challenges such as the formation of an unstable solid electrolyte interphase and the lithium dendrites growth have led to poor cycling performance and safety concerns, limiting the commercial viability of thin lithium metal anodes. This work introduces a facile approach by designing and fabricating an ultrathin Li-In alloy anode through in-situ vacuum melting and codirectional continuous rolling. The rolled ultrathin Li-In anode achieves the induction of uniform epitaxial electrodeposition of Li(110), which is attributed to the lithiophility of the densely distributed In₃Li₁₃ alloy phase and the coherent heterogeneous relationship between textured In₃Li₁₃(311) and Li(110).The symmetrical cell assembled by 50 μm Li-In alloy anode exhibits a prolonged lifespan for 1800 h under the conditions of 1 mA cm-2 and 3 mAh cm-2. Meanwhile, the LiFePO4||Li-In (50 μm) full cell achieves sTable 450 cycles with a retention of 90.3 % at 2 C (1 C = 170 mA g-1). This work paves the path for the practical ultrathin Li anode for commercializing the lithium metal batteries.

中文翻译：

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In3Li13（311）/Li（110） 相干异质感应均匀外延电沉积，可实现稳定的超薄金属锂负极


对高能量密度锂金属电池的需求不断增长，这吸引了使用超薄 （≤50 μm） 独立式锂金属负极。然而，不稳定的固体电解质界面的形成和锂枝晶生长等挑战导致循环性能不佳和安全问题，限制了薄金属锂负极的商业可行性。这项工作介绍了一种简单的方法，通过原位真空熔炼和同向连续轧制设计和制造超薄 Li-In 合金阳极。轧制超薄 Li-In 负极实现了 Li（110） 均匀外延电沉积的感应，这归因于密集分布的 In₃Li₁₃ 合金相的亲锂性以及织构 In₃Li₁₃（311） 和 Li（110） 之间的相干异质关系。由 50 μm Li-In 合金负极组装的对称电池在 1 mA cm-2 和 3 mAh cm-2 的条件下表现出长达 1800 h 的寿命。同时，LiFePO4||Li-In （50 μm） 全电池在 2 C （1 C = 170 mA g-1） 时实现了 sTable 450 次循环，保留率为 90.3%。这项工作为用于锂金属电池商业化的实用超薄锂负极铺平了道路。