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In situ experimental and theoretical studies of the performance and the fouling impact of shower greywater heat recovery systems
Energy and Buildings ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115341
Jean-Baptiste Bouvenot, Cyprien Beaudet
Energy and Buildings ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115341
Jean-Baptiste Bouvenot, Cyprien Beaudet
This paper begins with a theoretical analysis of shower water heat recovery systems, assessing 3 key indicators in particular: the V40 indicator (volume of water that can be produced at 40 °C), the efficiency of the heat exchanger and the efficiency of the complete system. A benchmark was also carried out on commercial systems available, with a classification by type. Finally, a comparative and critical analysis was carried out on tests standards. Next, a model of fouling by biofilm development is proposed, then validated and calibrated experimentally. Then, this work presents the results of a in situ gravity grey-shower-drain water heat recovery system (plates) test campaign over 14 months and a theoretical analysis of this type of system, studying the different types of connections and the impact of influencing parameters (flow rate, temperature, user profile). This work provides experimental data on actual performance and characterizes fouling of this type of exchanger through biofilm development and show the good performance of these systems that can provide a significant impact on the whole energy balance of buildings. The average efficiency of the recovery heat exchanger, taking fouling into account, is 66 %, i.e. 8 % less than the nominal efficiency. Finally, the efficiency of the overall system was evaluated at 52 %, which means that DHW consumption in a dwelling can be drastically reduced with this type a low-tech system. This study also shows the significant impact of the fouling on the performance that requires to treat this question to ensure a sustainable operation over time.
中文翻译:
淋浴灰水热回收系统性能和结垢影响的原位实验和理论研究
本文首先对淋浴水热回收系统进行了理论分析,特别评估了 3 个关键指标:V40 指标(40 °C 时可产生的水量)、热交换器的效率和整个系统的效率。对可用的商业系统进行了基准测试,并按类型分类。最后,对测试标准进行了比较和批判性分析。接下来,提出了一个生物膜发育造成的污垢模型,然后通过实验进行验证和校准。然后,这项工作介绍了为期 14 个月的原位重力灰色淋浴排水热回收系统(板)测试活动的结果,以及对此类系统的理论分析,研究了不同类型的连接和影响参数(流速、温度、用户配置文件)的影响。这项工作提供了有关实际性能的实验数据,并通过生物膜形成表征了此类交换器的结垢,并展示了这些系统的良好性能,这些性能可以对建筑物的整体能量平衡产生重大影响。考虑到结垢,回收换热器的平均效率为 66%,即比标称效率低 8%。最后,将整个系统的效率评估为 52%,这意味着使用这种类型的低技术系统可以大大减少住宅中的生活热水消耗。这项研究还显示了结垢对性能的重大影响,因此需要解决这个问题,以确保长期的可持续运营。
更新日期:2025-01-27
中文翻译:
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淋浴灰水热回收系统性能和结垢影响的原位实验和理论研究
本文首先对淋浴水热回收系统进行了理论分析,特别评估了 3 个关键指标:V40 指标(40 °C 时可产生的水量)、热交换器的效率和整个系统的效率。对可用的商业系统进行了基准测试,并按类型分类。最后,对测试标准进行了比较和批判性分析。接下来,提出了一个生物膜发育造成的污垢模型,然后通过实验进行验证和校准。然后,这项工作介绍了为期 14 个月的原位重力灰色淋浴排水热回收系统(板)测试活动的结果,以及对此类系统的理论分析,研究了不同类型的连接和影响参数(流速、温度、用户配置文件)的影响。这项工作提供了有关实际性能的实验数据,并通过生物膜形成表征了此类交换器的结垢,并展示了这些系统的良好性能,这些性能可以对建筑物的整体能量平衡产生重大影响。考虑到结垢,回收换热器的平均效率为 66%,即比标称效率低 8%。最后,将整个系统的效率评估为 52%,这意味着使用这种类型的低技术系统可以大大减少住宅中的生活热水消耗。这项研究还显示了结垢对性能的重大影响,因此需要解决这个问题,以确保长期的可持续运营。