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Stabilizing chilled water temperature for constant temperature air conditioning: A unified step perturbation transfer model for Widening end control margins with two-stage control
Energy and Buildings ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115367
Weichen Guo, Yusong Hong, Yuan Wei, Xuejin Zhu, Zhe Zhu, Wei Ye

Constant temperature and humidity rooms are critical in high-end manufacturing and scientific research. While current studies have primarily focused on stabilizing room temperature by end reheating control (EC) of the supplied air, achieving ultra-high precision (e.g., ±0.1 °C) necessitates pre-stabilizing the chilled water temperature for cooling the air. However, this aspect remains underexplored. This paper proposed two two-stage control (TSC) systems designed to simultaneously regulate chilled water and supply air temperatures based on a plate heat exchanger (PHE) and a water mixing pump (WMP), respectively. Modelica models of the two TSC and the conventional EC systems were developed and validated by experiments. The performance of these systems subjected to external and internal perturbations was analyzed. A theoretical step perturbation transfer model was also derived to predict temperature responses to step perturbations in experiments and simulations. Results demonstrated that both TSC systems exhibited superior rejection of the chilled water perturbations than the EC system while maintaining EC’s ability to resist internal perturbations. In particular, the maximum deviations in controlled temperatures generated by chilled water temperature perturbations under the PHE- and WMP-based TSC systems were 53.2 % and 36.0 % of those of the EC system, respectively. The step perturbation transfer model was independent of the system type and depended solely on several key design temperatures. This study proved that TSC systems can offer better rejection to chilled water temperature perturbations than the EC system for ultra-high precision control, with the WMP-based TSC system showing enhanced control performance. The control optimization and energy-saving potential of avoiding reheating were demonstrated.

中文翻译:


恒温空调的冷冻水温度稳定:通过两级控制加宽终端控制裕量的统一阶跃扰动传递模型



恒温恒湿室在高端制造和科学研究中至关重要。虽然目前的研究主要集中在通过供应空气的末端再加热控制 (EC) 来稳定室温,但要实现超高精度(例如 ±0.1 °C),则需要预先稳定冷冻水温度以冷却空气。然而,这方面仍未得到充分探索。本文提出了两个两级控制 (TSC) 系统,旨在分别基于板式换热器 (PHE) 和混水泵 (WMP) 同时调节冷冻水和送风温度。开发了两个 TSC 和传统 EC 系统的 Modelica 模型,并通过实验进行了验证。分析了这些系统受到外部和内部扰动的性能。还推导出了一个理论阶跃扰动传递模型,以预测实验和模拟中温度对阶跃扰动的响应。结果表明,两种 TSC 系统都表现出比 EC 系统更好的冷冻水扰动抑制能力,同时保持了 EC 抵抗内部扰动的能力。特别是,在基于 PHE 和 WMP 的 TSC 系统下,冷冻水温度扰动产生的受控温度的最大偏差分别为 EC 系统的 53.2 % 和 36.0 %。阶跃扰动传递模型与系统类型无关,仅取决于几个关键设计温度。本研究证明,TSC 系统比 EC 系统更好地抑制冷冻水温度扰动,以实现超高精度控制,基于 WMP 的 TSC 系统显示出增强的控制性能。 证明了避免再加热的控制优化和节能潜力。
更新日期:2025-01-23
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