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Chlorination enhances the phthalates release and increases the cytotoxicity and bacterial functions related to human disease of drinking water in plastic pipes
Water Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123218
Haibo Wang, Min Wang, Yukang Li, Xinyuan Yang, Xueci Xing, Baoyou Shi

The interaction between water and pipe surfaces can deteriorate drinking water quality, thus threatening public health. However, uncertainties remain in the release mechanism of phthalates acid esters (PAEs) from plastic pipes and their effects on drinking water quality. Our study indicated that PAEs released from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes was higher than polyethylene (PE) pipes. Chlorine disinfection increased the released PAEs concentration in effluents of PE-Cl2 and PVC-Cl2 pipes to 6.60∼7.87 μg/L and 7.45∼8.88 μg/L, respectively. PAEs release varied the CHO and tannins numbers in dissolved organic matter (DOM), increasing the cytotoxicity of water. Although chorine disinfection reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, it upregulated the relative abundance of bacterial metabolic pathways related to human disease, such as drug resistance: antimicrobial and cancer: overview. In addition, various biofilm bacterial community compositions affected the interactions between bacteria and pipe surfaces, and the roughness of pipe surfaces increased after biofilm formation. The hydrophilicity of pipe surfaces also increased due to biofilm formation and chlorine disinfection. After five months of running, higher hydrophilicity of PVC pipe surface was observed than that of PE pipes, especially after chlorine disinfection, consequently enhancing PAEs release. In conclusion, chlorine disinfection accelerated PAEs release from plastic pipes by increasing the hydrophilicity of pipe surfaces, resulting in higher cytotoxicity and microbial risk of drinking water, especially in PVC-Cl2 pipes. This study revealed the influence of chlorine disinfection on PAEs release and its potential risk to public health, which provided insightful visions for the future drinking water security monitoring.

中文翻译:


氯化可增强邻苯二甲酸盐的释放,并增加塑料管道中饮用水的细胞毒性和与人类疾病相关的细菌功能



水和管道表面之间的相互作用会恶化饮用水质量,从而威胁公众健康。然而,塑料管道中邻苯二甲酸酯 (PAE) 的释放机制及其对饮用水质量的影响仍然存在不确定性。我们的研究表明,聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 管道释放的 PAE 高于聚乙烯 (PE) 管道。氯消毒使 PE-Cl 2 2 和 PVC-Cl 管道流出物中释放的 PAEs 浓度分别提高到 6.60∼7.87 μg/L 和 7.45∼8.88 μg/L。PAEs 释放改变了溶解有机物 (DOM) 中的 CHO 和单宁数,增加了水的细胞毒性。尽管氯碱消毒降低了病原菌的丰度,但它上调了与人类疾病相关的细菌代谢途径的相对丰度,例如耐药性:抗菌剂和癌症:概述。此外,各种生物被膜细菌群落组成影响了细菌与管道表面的相互作用,生物被膜形成后管道表面的粗糙度增加。由于生物膜的形成和氯消毒,管道表面的亲水性也增加了。运行 5 个月后,PVC 管表面的亲水性高于 PE 管,尤其是在氯消毒后,从而增强了 PAEs 的释放。总之,氯消毒通过增加管道表面的亲水性加速了 PAEs 从塑料管道中释放,导致更高的饮用水细胞毒性和微生物风险,尤其是在 PVC-Cl 2 管道中。 本研究揭示了氯消毒对 PAEs 释放的影响及其对公共卫生的潜在风险,为未来的饮用水安全监测提供了有见地的见解。
更新日期:2025-01-28
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