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Calcium scaling on the quartz sleeve of ultraviolet reactor: On-line measurement and model prediction
Water Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123203
Mengkai Li, Yihao Zheng, Yanyan Huang, Jiaying Li, Zhe Sun, Ernest R. Blatchley, Zhimin Qiang

Quartz sleeve scaling significantly affects the efficacy of ultraviolet (UV) processes for water treatment. Investigating the scaling process and developing prediction methods are important for selecting and optimizing scaling control measures. However, these have been limited by the lack of an appropriate experimental system. Therefore, this study investigated the kinetics, mechanisms, and prediction methods of calcium scaling (a predominant scale compound encountered in drinking water treatment) on quartz sleeves. An on-line experimental system for sleeve scale UV transmittance (UVTSS) was developed based on previously developed micro-fluorescent silica detectors. The scaling process was accelerated by increases in [Ca2+] (100–400 mg L–1), alkalinity (100–400 mg L–1), and pH (6.5–8.5). Furthermore, water temperature (20.0–30.0 °C), sleeve temperature (24.9–31.7 °C), and flow velocity (2.5–10.0 cm s–1) exhibited diverse effects on calcium scaling. By delving into scaling mechanisms such as mass transfer, surface crystallization, and scale stripping processes, we proposed a prediction model. The extinction coefficient and stripping rate of calcium scale were estimated to be 0.80 μm–1 and 0.155 h–1, respectively. Model predictions were validated through both laboratory and field tests. This study provides important methods for ensuring sufficient dose delivery by a UV reactor, enhancing energy efficiency, and improving reliability in UV processes for water treatment.

中文翻译:


紫外反应器石英套管上的钙结垢:在线测量和模型预测



石英套结垢会显著影响紫外线 (UV) 工艺的水处理效果。调查扩展过程和开发预测方法对于选择和优化扩展控制措施非常重要。然而,由于缺乏适当的实验系统,这些都受到了限制。因此,本研究调查了石英套管上钙垢(饮用水处理中遇到的一种主要水垢化合物)的动力学、机制和预测方法。基于先前开发的微荧光二氧化硅检测器,开发了一种用于袖标紫外透射率 (UVT SS ) 的在线实验系统。[Ca 2+ ] (100-400 mg L)、碱度 (100-400 mg L –1 –1 ) 和 pH 值 (6.5-8.5) 的增加加速了结垢过程。此外,水温 (20.0–30.0 °C)、套筒温度 (24.9–31.7 °C) 和流速 (2.5–10.0 cm s –1 ) 对钙垢表现出不同的影响。通过深入研究传质、表面结晶和氧化皮剥离过程等缩放机制,我们提出了一个预测模型。钙垢的消光系数和剥离速率估计分别为 0.80 μm –1 和 0.155 h –1 。模型预测通过实验室和现场测试进行了验证。本研究为确保紫外线反应器提供足够的剂量输送、提高能源效率和提高水处理紫外线工艺的可靠性提供了重要方法。
更新日期:2025-01-27
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