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Is operational flexibility a viable strategy during major supply chain disruptions? Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic
Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tre.2024.103952
Xuanyi Shi, Daniel Prajogo, Di Fan, Adegoke Oke

In this increasingly highly turbulent environment, firms are facing demand changes, many of which are unpredictable. Furthermore, the magnitude of such uncertainties is unpredictable. Thus, firms have limited options as to how to prepare for such uncertainties. A viable strategy that firms may employ to cope with uncertainties effectively is operational flexibility. Firms’ operational flexibility is the ability of the operational system of a firm including processes and people, to cope with uncertainty without expending new resources or enlarging the range of operating costs. Studies have examined the role of operational flexibility as a mechanism for mitigating mundane supply chain risks; however, the effectiveness of operational flexibility in sustaining firms’ performance when facing a global and major disruptions to supply chains remains underexamined. This paper contributes to the supply chain resilience and risk management literature by examining the effectiveness of operational flexibility as a mitigation strategy for major supply chain disruptions. Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, we found that U.S. manufacturing firms with higher operational flexibility exhibited higher abnormal inventory growth, fewer employment reductions, and higher operational efficiency during the global major supply chain disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, we found that smaller firms gain more from operational flexibility in inventory management, while those with strong adaptive capacity benefit more from retaining human resources to enhance operational efficiency during major disruptions. Our study contributes to the importance and effectiveness of operational flexibility in enabling manufacturing firms to thrive during major supply chain disruptions.

中文翻译:


在重大供应链中断期间,运营灵活性是否是一个可行的策略?来自 COVID-19 大流行的证据



在这个日益动荡的环境中,公司正面临需求变化,其中许多变化是不可预测的。此外,这种不确定性的程度是不可预测的。因此,企业在如何为此类不确定性做准备方面的选择有限。公司可以采用有效应对不确定性的可行策略是运营灵活性。公司的运营灵活性是指公司的运营系统(包括流程和人员)在不花费新资源或扩大运营成本范围的情况下应对不确定性的能力。研究考察了运营灵活性作为减轻普通供应链风险的机制的作用;然而,在面临全球供应链和重大中断时,运营灵活性在维持公司绩效方面的有效性仍未得到充分研究。本文通过研究运营灵活性作为重大供应链中断缓解策略的有效性,为供应链弹性和风险管理文献做出了贡献。在 COVID-19 大流行的背景下,我们发现在 COVID-19 大流行造成的全球重大供应链中断期间,具有较高运营灵活性的美国制造公司表现出更高的异常库存增长、更少的就业减少和更高的运营效率。此外,我们发现,规模较小的企业从库存管理中的运营灵活性中获益更多,而适应性强的企业则更多地受益于留住人力资源,以便在重大中断期间提高运营效率。我们的研究有助于证明运营灵活性的重要性和有效性,使制造企业能够在重大供应链中断期间蓬勃发展。
更新日期:2025-01-20
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