当前位置:
X-MOL 学术
›
Glob. Change Biol.
›
论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your
feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Half a Century of Temperate Non‐Forest Vegetation Changes: No Net Loss in Species Richness, but Considerable Shifts in Taxonomic and Functional Composition
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-24 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70030
Klára Klinkovská, Marta Gaia Sperandii, Ilona Knollová, Jiří Danihelka, Michal Hájek, Petra Hájková, Zdenka Hroudová, Martin Jiroušek, Jan Lepš, Jana Navrátilová, Tomáš Peterka, Petr Petřík, Karel Prach, Klára Řehounková, Jaroslav Rohel, Vojtěch Sobotka, Michal Vávra, Helge Bruelheide, Milan Chytrý
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-24 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70030
Klára Klinkovská, Marta Gaia Sperandii, Ilona Knollová, Jiří Danihelka, Michal Hájek, Petra Hájková, Zdenka Hroudová, Martin Jiroušek, Jan Lepš, Jana Navrátilová, Tomáš Peterka, Petr Petřík, Karel Prach, Klára Řehounková, Jaroslav Rohel, Vojtěch Sobotka, Michal Vávra, Helge Bruelheide, Milan Chytrý
In recent decades, global change and local anthropogenic pressures have severely affected natural ecosystems and their biodiversity. Although disentangling the effects of these factors is difficult, they are reflected in changes in the functional composition of plant communities. We present a comprehensive, large‐scale analysis of long‐term changes in plant communities of various non‐forest habitat types in the Czech Republic based on 1154 vegetation‐plot time series from 53 resurvey studies comprising 3909 vegetation‐plot records. We focused not only on taxonomic diversity but also on the functional characteristics of communities. Species richness of most habitat types increased over time, and taxonomic and functional community composition shifted significantly. Habitat specialists and threatened species became less represented in plant communities, indicating a decline in habitat quality. The spread of trees, shrubs, tall herbaceous plants, strong competitors, and nutrient‐demanding species in all non‐forest habitats, coupled with the decline of light‐demanding species, suggests an effect of eutrophication and natural succession following the abandonment of traditional management. Moreover, we identified specific trends in certain habitats. In wetlands, springs, and mires, moisture‐demanding species decreased, probably due to drainage, river regulations, and increasing drought resulting from climate change. Dry grasslands, ruderal, weed, sand, and shallow‐soil vegetation became more mesic, and successional processes were most pronounced in these communities, suggesting a stronger effect of abandonment of traditional management and eutrophication. In alpine and subalpine vegetation, meadows and mesic pastures, and heathlands, insect‐pollinated species declined, and the proportion of grasses increased. Overall, these functional changes provide deep insights into the underlying drivers and help conservationists take appropriate countermeasures.
中文翻译:
半个世纪的温带非森林植被变化:物种丰富度没有净损失,但分类和功能组成发生了相当大的变化
近几十年来,全球变化和地方人为压力严重影响了自然生态系统及其生物多样性。尽管很难理清这些因素的影响,但它们反映在植物群落功能组成的变化中。我们根据来自 53 项再调查研究(包括 3909 个植被样地记录)的 1154 个植被样地时间序列,对捷克共和国各种非森林生境类型的植物群落的长期变化进行了全面、大规模的分析。我们不仅关注分类多样性,还关注群落的功能特征。大多数生境类型的物种丰富度随着时间的推移而增加,分类和功能群落组成发生了显著变化。栖息地专家和受威胁物种在植物群落中的代表性降低,表明栖息地质量下降。乔木、灌木、高大草本植物、强大的竞争者和需要营养的物种在所有非森林栖息地的传播,加上对光照要求高的物种的减少,表明在放弃传统管理后存在富营养化和自然演替的影响。此外,我们还确定了某些栖息地的具体趋势。在湿地、泉水和泥沼中,需要水分的物种减少,这可能是由于排水、河流法规和气候变化导致的干旱加剧。干燥的草原、杂草、杂草、沙子和浅层土壤植被变得更加中湿,演替过程在这些群落中最为明显,这表明放弃传统管理和富营养化的影响更强。 在高山和亚高山植被、草甸和中湿牧场以及荒地中,昆虫授粉物种减少,草的比例增加。总体而言,这些功能变化提供了对潜在驱动因素的深刻见解,并帮助环保主义者采取适当的对策。
更新日期:2025-01-24
中文翻译:
半个世纪的温带非森林植被变化:物种丰富度没有净损失,但分类和功能组成发生了相当大的变化
近几十年来,全球变化和地方人为压力严重影响了自然生态系统及其生物多样性。尽管很难理清这些因素的影响,但它们反映在植物群落功能组成的变化中。我们根据来自 53 项再调查研究(包括 3909 个植被样地记录)的 1154 个植被样地时间序列,对捷克共和国各种非森林生境类型的植物群落的长期变化进行了全面、大规模的分析。我们不仅关注分类多样性,还关注群落的功能特征。大多数生境类型的物种丰富度随着时间的推移而增加,分类和功能群落组成发生了显著变化。栖息地专家和受威胁物种在植物群落中的代表性降低,表明栖息地质量下降。乔木、灌木、高大草本植物、强大的竞争者和需要营养的物种在所有非森林栖息地的传播,加上对光照要求高的物种的减少,表明在放弃传统管理后存在富营养化和自然演替的影响。此外,我们还确定了某些栖息地的具体趋势。在湿地、泉水和泥沼中,需要水分的物种减少,这可能是由于排水、河流法规和气候变化导致的干旱加剧。干燥的草原、杂草、杂草、沙子和浅层土壤植被变得更加中湿,演替过程在这些群落中最为明显,这表明放弃传统管理和富营养化的影响更强。 在高山和亚高山植被、草甸和中湿牧场以及荒地中,昆虫授粉物种减少,草的比例增加。总体而言,这些功能变化提供了对潜在驱动因素的深刻见解,并帮助环保主义者采取适当的对策。