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Energy performance of an operational government building retrofitted with ceiling phase change material tiles in a mixed-humid climate
Energy and Buildings ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115313
Sajith Wijesuriya, Habib Arjmand Mazidi, Ravi Anant Kishore, Chuck Booten
Energy and Buildings ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.115313
Sajith Wijesuriya, Habib Arjmand Mazidi, Ravi Anant Kishore, Chuck Booten
The aging U.S. building stock requires various retrofit measures to enhance their energy efficiency. This study explores the integration of thermal energy storage and advanced building controls as viable retrofit solutions for load flexibility and peak demand response while maintaining the occupants’ comfort. A detailed assessment is conducted on the energy use of an administrative building in Sumner County, Kansas, focusing on the implementation of phase change materials (PCMs) in the ceiling of occupied zones. First, a time-resolved, whole-building energy model is developed in EnergyPlus, incorporating complex thermal behaviors such as air exchange between the plenum space and occupied zones, envelope leakage, and operational schedules. The model is then validated using experimental field test data, and subsequently a parametric assessment of key PCM properties and application strategies is performed to evaluate cooling electricity demand benefits. The parametric study shows that the optimal retrofit strategy, comprising a PCM with 23 °C peak melting temperature, 0.125 in. (3.17 mm) thickness, and 150 kJ/kg latent heat, combined with active controls that include 8 h of precooling, forced convection under the ceiling, and a 2 °C thermostat setback during peak hours, can result in a maximum load shift during the peak period of 99.6 % and the total electricity savings during the peak period of 98.9 % for the optimum case and thus provide significant cost savings under time-of-use pricing scenarios.
中文翻译:
在混合潮湿气候下使用天花板相变材料瓦改造的运营政府大楼的能源性能
老化的美国建筑存量需要各种改造措施来提高其能源效率。本研究探讨了热能储存和先进建筑控制的集成,作为可行的改造解决方案,在保持居住者的舒适度的同时,实现负载灵活性和峰值需求响应。对堪萨斯州萨姆纳县一栋行政大楼的能源使用情况进行了详细评估,重点是在占用区的天花板上实施相变材料 (PCM)。首先,在 EnergyPlus 中开发了一个时间分辨的整体建筑能源模型,其中包含复杂的热行为,例如增压室空间和占用区之间的空气交换、围护结构泄漏和运营计划。然后使用实验现场测试数据验证该模型,然后对 PCM 的关键特性和应用策略进行参数评估,以评估冷却电力需求的好处。参数研究表明,最佳改造策略包括峰值熔化温度为 23 °C、0.125 in.(3.17 mm) 厚度和 150 kJ/kg 潜热,再加上主动控制,包括 8 小时的预冷、天花板下的强制对流和高峰时段 2 °C 的恒温器回退,可在最佳情况下实现 99.6% 的峰值时段最大负载转移和 98.9% 的峰值时段总节电,从而在分时定价情景下节省大量成本。
更新日期:2025-01-12
中文翻译:
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在混合潮湿气候下使用天花板相变材料瓦改造的运营政府大楼的能源性能
老化的美国建筑存量需要各种改造措施来提高其能源效率。本研究探讨了热能储存和先进建筑控制的集成,作为可行的改造解决方案,在保持居住者的舒适度的同时,实现负载灵活性和峰值需求响应。对堪萨斯州萨姆纳县一栋行政大楼的能源使用情况进行了详细评估,重点是在占用区的天花板上实施相变材料 (PCM)。首先,在 EnergyPlus 中开发了一个时间分辨的整体建筑能源模型,其中包含复杂的热行为,例如增压室空间和占用区之间的空气交换、围护结构泄漏和运营计划。然后使用实验现场测试数据验证该模型,然后对 PCM 的关键特性和应用策略进行参数评估,以评估冷却电力需求的好处。参数研究表明,最佳改造策略包括峰值熔化温度为 23 °C、0.125 in.(3.17 mm) 厚度和 150 kJ/kg 潜热,再加上主动控制,包括 8 小时的预冷、天花板下的强制对流和高峰时段 2 °C 的恒温器回退,可在最佳情况下实现 99.6% 的峰值时段最大负载转移和 98.9% 的峰值时段总节电,从而在分时定价情景下节省大量成本。