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Long‐term impact of exposure to Royal Guard, a pyriproxyfen‐based bed net, on pyrethroid‐resistant malaria vectors from Cameroon using DNA‐based metabolic resistance markers
Pest Management Science ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-23 , DOI: 10.1002/ps.8615
Emilie S Ngongang‐Yipmo, Magellan Tchouakui, Benjamin D Menze, Riccado F Tiomela, Derrick Fofie, Vanessa B Ngannang‐Fezeu, Jean L Mugenzi, Flobert Njiokou, Charles S Wondji
Pest Management Science ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-23 , DOI: 10.1002/ps.8615
Emilie S Ngongang‐Yipmo, Magellan Tchouakui, Benjamin D Menze, Riccado F Tiomela, Derrick Fofie, Vanessa B Ngannang‐Fezeu, Jean L Mugenzi, Flobert Njiokou, Charles S Wondji
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BACKGROUNDEscalating pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors highlights the urgency of implementing new control tools incorporating non‐pyrethroid molecules. Here, using DNA‐based metabolic resistance markers, we assessed the efficacy of the dual active ingredients net Royal Guard against pyrethroids‐resistant malaria vectors in Cameroon, establishing its long‐term impact on mosquitoes' life traits after exposure.RESULTSCone assays revealed low efficacy of Royal Guard against field Anopheles populations. However, analysis of the survival curves revealed that unexposed mosquitoes lived longer (11.4 ± 0.4 days) than those exposed to Royal Guard (7.9 ± 0.2 days) (χ 2 = 6; P = 0.05), indicating that despite the lower immediate mortality observed against resistant mosquitoes, there is a long‐term effect on Anopheles funestus longevity. High blood‐feeding inhibition rate was observed (44–80% versus 11–41%), indicating that this net has a negative impact on blood meal intake. Additionally, female mosquitoes exposed to this net exhibited a 25% reduction in oviposition, 18.30% reduction in fecundity, 8.10% reduction in offspring, and a 74.74% infertility rate compared to the control. Genotyping of key resistance markers revealed that, metabolic markers and L1014F‐Kdrw are associated with the reduced efficacy observed, with homozygote‐resistant mosquitoes significantly more able to survive and live longer after exposure than homozygote‐susceptible mosquitoes (odds ratio = 15.79; confidence interval = 5.35–43.27; P < 0.0001).ConclusionThis study revealed that although pyrethroid‐resistant mosquitoes have higher ability to survive and live longer after exposure to Royal Guard, this net significantly affects their lifespan, blood‐feeding ability and interestingly reduces their fecundity/fertility. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
中文翻译:
使用基于 DNA 的代谢耐药性标记物,暴露于基于吡丙醚的蚊帐 Royal Guard 对喀麦隆拟除虫菊酯耐药疟疾媒介的长期影响
背景疟疾媒介中不断升级的拟除虫菊酯耐药性凸显了实施包含非拟除虫菊酯分子的新控制工具的紧迫性。在这里,使用基于 DNA 的代谢抗性标记,我们评估了双重活性成分 net Royal Guard 对喀麦隆耐除虫菊酯耐药疟疾媒介的疗效,确定了其对蚊子暴露后生活特征的长期影响。结果Cone 检测显示 Royal Guard 对田间按蚊种群的疗效较低。然而,对生存曲线的分析表明,未暴露的蚊子的寿命(11.4 ± 0.4 天)比暴露于皇家卫队的蚊子(7.9 ± 0.2 天)长(χ2 = 6;P = 0.05),表明尽管观察到的抗性蚊子的即时死亡率较低,但对 Anopheles funestus 的寿命有长期影响。观察到高采血抑制率(44-80% 对 11-41%),表明该净对血餐摄入量有负面影响。此外,与对照组相比,暴露于该网的雌性蚊子的产卵量减少了 25%,繁殖力减少了 18.30%,后代减少了 8.10%,不孕率降低了 74.74%。关键抗性标志物的基因分型显示,代谢标志物和 L1014F-Kdrw 与观察到的疗效降低相关,纯合子抗性蚊子在暴露后比纯合子易感蚊子更能存活和存活更长时间(比值比 = 15.79;置信区间 = 5.35-43.27;P < 0.0001).结论本研究显示,尽管耐拟除虫菊酯蚊子在暴露于皇家卫队后具有更高的生存和寿命更长的能力,但这种网会显着影响它们的寿命、吸血能力,并有趣的是降低它们的繁殖力/生育能力。© 2025 作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。
更新日期:2025-01-23
中文翻译:
![](https://scdn.x-mol.com/jcss/images/paperTranslation.png)
使用基于 DNA 的代谢耐药性标记物,暴露于基于吡丙醚的蚊帐 Royal Guard 对喀麦隆拟除虫菊酯耐药疟疾媒介的长期影响
背景疟疾媒介中不断升级的拟除虫菊酯耐药性凸显了实施包含非拟除虫菊酯分子的新控制工具的紧迫性。在这里,使用基于 DNA 的代谢抗性标记,我们评估了双重活性成分 net Royal Guard 对喀麦隆耐除虫菊酯耐药疟疾媒介的疗效,确定了其对蚊子暴露后生活特征的长期影响。结果Cone 检测显示 Royal Guard 对田间按蚊种群的疗效较低。然而,对生存曲线的分析表明,未暴露的蚊子的寿命(11.4 ± 0.4 天)比暴露于皇家卫队的蚊子(7.9 ± 0.2 天)长(χ2 = 6;P = 0.05),表明尽管观察到的抗性蚊子的即时死亡率较低,但对 Anopheles funestus 的寿命有长期影响。观察到高采血抑制率(44-80% 对 11-41%),表明该净对血餐摄入量有负面影响。此外,与对照组相比,暴露于该网的雌性蚊子的产卵量减少了 25%,繁殖力减少了 18.30%,后代减少了 8.10%,不孕率降低了 74.74%。关键抗性标志物的基因分型显示,代谢标志物和 L1014F-Kdrw 与观察到的疗效降低相关,纯合子抗性蚊子在暴露后比纯合子易感蚊子更能存活和存活更长时间(比值比 = 15.79;置信区间 = 5.35-43.27;P < 0.0001).结论本研究显示,尽管耐拟除虫菊酯蚊子在暴露于皇家卫队后具有更高的生存和寿命更长的能力,但这种网会显着影响它们的寿命、吸血能力,并有趣的是降低它们的繁殖力/生育能力。© 2025 作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。