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Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency and Growth Rates in Soil: Global Patterns and Drivers
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-21 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70036
Junxi Hu, Yongxing Cui, Stefano Manzoni, Shixing Zhou, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Congde Huang, Joshua Schimel, Yakov Kuzyakov

Carbon use efficiency (CUE) of microbial communities in soil quantifies the proportion of organic carbon (C) taken up by microorganisms that is allocated to growing microbial biomass as well as used for reparation of cell components. This C amount in microbial biomass is subsequently involved in microbial turnover, partly leading to microbial necromass formation, which can be further stabilized in soil. To unravel the underlying regulatory factors and spatial patterns of CUE on a large scale and across biomes (forests, grasslands, croplands), we evaluated 670 individual CUE data obtained by three commonly used approaches: (i) tracing of a substrate C by 13C (or 14C) incorporation into microbial biomass and respired CO2 (hereafter 13C‐substrate), (ii) incorporation of 18O from water into DNA (18O‐water), and (iii) stoichiometric modelling based on the activities of enzymes responsible for C and nitrogen (N) cycles. The global mean of microbial CUE in soil depends on the approach: 0.59 for the 13C‐substrate approach, and 0.34 for the stoichiometric modelling and for the 18O‐water approaches. Across biomes, microbial CUE was highest in grassland soils, followed by cropland and forest soils. A power‐law relationship was identified between microbial CUE and growth rates, indicating that faster C utilization for growth corresponds to reduced C losses for maintenance and associated with mortality. Microbial growth rate increased with the content of soil organic C, total N, total phosphorus, and fungi/bacteria ratio. Our results contribute to understanding the linkage between microbial growth rates and CUE, thereby offering insights into the impacts of climate change and ecosystem disturbances on microbial physiology with consequences for C cycling.

中文翻译:


土壤中微生物碳利用效率和生长速率:全球模式和驱动因素



土壤中微生物群落的碳利用效率 (CUE) 量化了微生物吸收的有机碳 (C) 的比例,该有机碳 (C) 被分配给不断增长的微生物生物量以及用于修复细胞成分。微生物生物量中的这种 C 量随后参与微生物周转,部分导致微生物坏死团的形成,这可以在土壤中进一步稳定。为了揭示大规模和跨生物群落(森林、草原、农田)的 CUE 的潜在调控因素和空间模式,我们评估了通过三种常用方法获得的 670 个单独的 CUE 数据:(i) 通过 13C(或 14C)掺入微生物生物量和呼吸的 CO2(以下简称 13C 底物)来追踪底物 C,(ii) 将水中的 18O 掺入 DNA(18O 水), (iii) 基于负责 C 和氮 (N) 循环的酶活性的化学计量模型。土壤中微生物 CUE 的总体平均值取决于方法:13C 基质方法为 0.59,化学计量模型和 18O 水方法为 0.34。在生物群落中,草原土壤中的微生物 CUE 最高,其次是农田和森林土壤。确定了微生物 CUE 和生长速率之间的幂律关系,表明更快地利用 C 促进生长对应于维持的 C 损失减少,并与死亡率相关。微生物生长速率随土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷和真菌/细菌比含量的增加而增加。我们的结果有助于理解微生物生长速率和 CUE 之间的联系,从而深入了解气候变化和生态系统干扰对微生物生理学的影响以及对 C 循环的影响。
更新日期:2025-01-21
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