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Selective gold extraction from e-waste leachate via sulfur-redox mechanisms using sulfhydryl-functionalized MOFs
Water Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123170
Jialong Qin, Hengzhi Liu, Zhuoya Fang, Junjun Pei, Kai Yin, Kaixing Fu, Jinming Luo

Urban mining of precious metals from electronic waste (e-waste) offers a dual advantage by addressing solid waste management challenges and supplying high-value metals for diverse applications. However, traditional extraction methods generally suffer from poor selectivity and limited capacity in complex acidic leachate. Herein, we present a sulfhydryl-functionalized zirconium-based metal-organic framework (Zr-MSA-AA) as a recyclable and highly selective adsorbent for efficient gold recovery. Specifically, the Zr-MSA-AA exhibits high recovery capacity (1021 mg g-1), remarkable pH-universal, and superb selectivity (Kd of 2.2 × 107 mL g-1) for gold ions across wide pH range and competitive conditions. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations highlight the pivotal role of sulfhydryl groups in selectively capturing gold ions. The redox-transformation of sulfhydryl and sulfonic acid groups mediated the reduction of Au(III) to Au(0) through the nucleation of chlorine-stabilized gold clusters. This unique mechanism, driven by the redox activity of designed sulfhydryl sites, not only mitigates interference from competing cations but also facilitates rapid adsorption kinetics (kf of 1.17 × 10–7 m s-1) for gold ions, surpassing the performance of previous adsorbents. Consequently, Zr-MSA-AA demonstrates exceptional practical applicability, achieving high-purity gold recovery (23.8 Karat) from real e-waste leachate through straightforward physical separation methods. This study introduces an alternative practical strategy for utilizing sulfur's redox activity in adsorbent design, advancing the sustainable recycling of non-renewable metal resources while contributing to environmental conservation.

中文翻译:


使用巯基官能化 MOF 通过硫氧化还原机制从电子废弃物渗滤液中选择性提取金



从电子废物 (e-waste) 中开采贵金属的城市具有双重优势,可以解决固体废物管理挑战并为各种应用提供高价值金属。然而,传统的萃取方法通常存在选择性差且在复杂酸性渗滤液中的容量有限等问题。在此,我们提出了一种巯基官能化锆基金属有机框架 (Zr-MSA-AA) 作为可回收且高选择性的吸附剂,可实现高效的黄金回收。具体而言,Zr-MSA-AA 在较宽的 pH 值范围和竞争条件下表现出高回收能力 (1021 mg g-1)、出色的 pH 通用性和对金离子的出色选择性(Kd 为 2.2 × 107 mL g-1)。全面的机理研究强调了巯基在选择性捕获金离子中的关键作用。巯基和磺酸基团的氧化还原转化通过氯稳定的金簇成核介导了 Au(III) 还原为 Au(0)。这种由设计巯基位点的氧化还原活性驱动的独特机制不仅减轻了竞争性阳离子的干扰,还促进了金离子的快速吸附动力学(kf 为 1.17 × 10–7 m s-1),超越了以前的吸附剂。因此,Zr-MSA-AA 表现出卓越的实际适用性,通过简单的物理分离方法从真正的电子垃圾渗滤液中实现高纯度黄金回收(23.8 克拉)。本研究介绍了一种在吸附剂设计中利用硫的氧化还原活性的替代实用策略,推进不可再生金属资源的可持续回收,同时为环境保护做出贡献。
更新日期:2025-01-21
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