The growth of plants is a hydromechanical phenomenon in which cells enlarge by absorbing water, while their walls expand and remodel under turgor-induced tension. In multicellular tissues, where cells are mechanically interconnected, morphogenesis results from the combined effect of local cell growths, which reflects the action of heterogeneous mechanical, physical, and chemical fields, each exerting varying degrees of nonlocal influence within the tissue. To describe this process, we propose a physical field theory of plant growth. This theory treats the tissue as a poromorphoelastic body, namely a growing poroelastic medium, where growth arises from pressure-induced deformations and osmotically-driven imbibition of the tissue. From this perspective, growing regions correspond to hydraulic sinks, leading to the possibility of complex non-local regulations, such as water competition and growth-induced water potential gradients. More in general, this work aims to establish foundations for a mechanistic, mechanical field theory of morphogenesis in plants, where growth arises from the interplay of multiple physical fields, and where biochemical regulations are integrated through specific physical parameters.

中文翻译：

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植物形态发生的流体力学场理论


植物的生长是一种流体力学现象，其中细胞通过吸收水分而扩大，而它们的壁在膨胀诱导的张力下膨胀和重塑。在细胞机械互连的多细胞组织中，形态发生是由局部细胞生长的综合作用引起的，这反映了异质机械、物理和化学场的作用，每个场都在组织内施加不同程度的非局部影响。为了描述这个过程，我们提出了植物生长的物理场理论。该理论将组织视为多孔弹性体，即生长的多孔弹性介质，其中生长是由压力诱导的变形和渗透驱动的组织吸收引起的。从这个角度来看，生长区域对应于水力汇，导致复杂的非本地法规的可能性，例如水竞争和生长引起的水势梯度。更一般地说，这项工作旨在为植物形态发生的机械机械场理论奠定基础，其中生长源于多个物理场的相互作用，并且生化调节通过特定的物理参数进行整合。